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Welcome to EUSpace, The Institutional Repository of Elizade University. A collection of theses, articles,books, videos, images, lectures, papers, data sets, and all types of digital content originating from Elizade University, Nigeria. This repository is managed by the University Library
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Antibiotics use pattern and knowledge of antibiotics resistance among undergraduates in a Nigerian university
(Elsevier, 2012-06) Aladejare, A.; IJadunola, Kayode T.; Akorah, U. A.; Alabi, O. T.; Aladejebi, O. E.; Alege, F. F.
Misuse of antibiotics is one of the notable causes of antibiotic resistance, but there is very little data on the community practices in our environment. The study is aimed at describing the antibiotic use pattern, knowledge and perception of antibiotic resistance among undergraduates at Obafemi Awolowo University. This cross-sectional study was carried out from May - July 2011. 400 respondents were selected using a multistage sampling technique across six faculties. A Pilot tested semi-structured self administered questionnaire was used to collect data after informed consent was obtained. Data was analysed using SPSS. Frequency distributions and percentages were determined as applicable. Majority (73.8%) of respondents were aged between 15-24 years. Most (81.9%) of them admitted taking antibiotics without completing the full course while only 16.0% completed the full course of antibiotics. 20.5% of the respondents admitted taking incomplete courses every time, while 43.6% admitted doing so sometimes. Major reasons for stopping the antibiotic were; improvement in condition (47.3%) and dislike of medicine (14.1%). Most (48.1%) got the prescription for the last antibiotic from a doctor, while a significant 18.1% were self prescribers. Only (0.5%) got their prescription from drug hawkers. Ampliclox, Ampicillin and Tetracycline were the most frequently used antibiotic. Convenience was the major reason reported for choosing the sources of antibiotics however, majority (63.3%) usually procure their antibiotics from a commercial pharmacy. Some inappropriate reasons for antibiotic use were; ‘fever unresponsive to other drugs’ (44.8%), ‘eating food suspected to be contaminated’ (19.7%), ‘to wash blood’ (18.4%), and ‘after unprotected sex’(5.1%) among others. More than half of the respondents (55.5%) have heard of antibiotic resistance and had good knowledge of it causes and consequences. (37.8%) have never heard of antibiotic resistance. The study concluded that the antibiotic use pattern of the students was sub-optimal as many of them engaged in taking incomplete courses of antibiotics while others engaged in inappropriate use of antibiotics, despite the high awareness of the problem of antibiotic resistance among them. These findings emphasize the need to educate the students on the judicious use of antibiotics.
SOCIAL-CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT AND WOMEN INCLUSION IN PEACE-BUILDING: THE IMPLEMENTATION OF UN SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION 1325 IN NIGERIA AND GHANA.
(Sapientia Global Journal of Arts, Humanities and Development Studies, 2024-06-02) FAJIMBOLA, JOSHUA OLATUNDE; IMUEBE, BRAIMAH FREDERICK; ESHOFONIE, DUWONI INCREASE
Studies have shown that women made significant contributions to conflict resolution and prevention, peace negotiations, peacebuilding, peacekeeping, humanitarian aid, and post-war reconstruction. This research centers on Social-Cultural Environment and Women inclusion in Peace-Building: The Implementation of UN Security Resolution 1325 in Nigeria and Ghana. The research design is survey, adopting both qualitative and quantitative methods to generate data. The sample size of 400 respondents divided into 200 respondents in Nigeria and 200 respondents in Ghana were purposively selected to participate in the study. The study is situated within the Gender Mainstreaming theory. Findings reveal, men and the patriarchal institutions control virtually every aspect of the Nigerian and Ghanaian societies in respect to women in general and implementations of the UN Security Council Resolution 1325 in particular. The findings further revealed that religion and its dogma have a firm grip on the lives of the people in the two countries adherents. The study recommended among others, that the Ministry of Women Affairs in Nigeria and the Ministry of Gender, Children and Social Protection, Ghana should have an all-inclusive critical stakeholder which would include men, women and religious leaders of the two societies in the formulation of new NAPs.
Explaining the State of Environmental Enforcement in Nigeria’s Niger Delta Region: some Theoretical Consideration
(Journal of Political Studies, 2024-06-10) EDO, Zephaniah Osuyi; FAJIMBOLA, Joshua Olatunde; BRAIMAH, Frederick Imuebe
There are several theories that elucidate the current condition of environmental enforcement and laws in Nigeria, as well as the subsequent deterioration of the Niger Delta ecosystem by oil multinational corporations. These theories are not exclusive as they relate with other theories to advance a holistic view. This study examines three theories in connection to the continuous and unresolved environmental challenges confronting the Niger Delta area in Nigeria. These are the dependency theory, the rentier state theory, and the regulatory capture theory. Anchored on historical research design and the use of secondary data, the findings indicated that Nigeria's enforcement programmes had been seriously affected by its total reliance on oil proceeds and the subsequent capture of its regulatory agencies by oil multinationals. The paper discovered that Nigeria's oil dependency, rent-seeking behavior, and corruption had been the greatest obstacle to the enforcement regime in the country. This situation led to a condition where though the laws exist to address environmental injustice, the various governments, especially at the centre, have made sure that they are not applied stringently as it would mean a reduced income on a resource that has been defining the country's economy trajectory for over 60 years. The paper, therefore, recommended holistic approaches that are measurable and achievable to resolving the problem and dilemma of the Niger Delta region of Nigeria.
Comparative Analysis of AISI 1050 Steel Using N5-Soluble Oil and Arachis Oil in Metal Cutting Operation
(Proceedings of the 30th AGM and International Conference of the Nigerian Institution for Mechanical Engineers. Kaduna, 2017-10) Abdulkareem, Sulaiman; Ogedengbe, Temitayo S.; Aweda, Jacob O.; Khan, Ali A.
The use of coolant during cutting processes does not only help in the improvement of surface integrity and increase in tool life, but it also facilitates
the conservation of energy due to reduction in power consumed during the process. However, some of these coolants affect human health negatively, hence there is need to consider alternatives. The influence of N5- soluble oil and Arachis oil on machinability of carbon steels is reported in this paper. The performance of the use of soluble oil and Arachis oil using flooded cooling approach was investigated in with interest on their effects on temperature at cutting zone, surface roughness, chip formation and material removal rate. The experimental runs were designed using Taguchi L18 orthogonal array using Minitab version 16 and temperature at the cutting zone was monitored using a digital thermometer and a k-type thermocouple wire. Analysis of experimental results was done with focus on percentage contributions of various factors affecting surface roughness and material
removal rate and chip profile. It was observed that, the use of Arachis oil as cutting fluid produced a surface finish of 35% improvement compared to soluble oil. Additionally, the chips formed using Arachis oil as coolant is more ductile and continuous than those obtained using N5soluble oil
DEVELOPMENT OF A FACE MASK DETECTION SYSTEM USING SINGLE SHORT ALGORITHM: A CASE STUDY OF ELIZADE UNIVERSITY
(LAUTECH Journal of Computing and Informatics, 2023-06) Ogunniyi, Julius; Olowu, Adekemi; Shobowale, Yusuf; Ogidan, Olugbenga; Asaniyan, Olufemi
This paper discusses the development of a Face Mask Detection System using a Single Short algorithm for the prevention of the spread of COVID-19 in public places. Several works have been done in the detection of face masks; however, there is a need to increase the detection speeds while maintaining their high accuracy for large datasets. The developed system consists of both software and hardware components. The model of the system was developed with a Single Short algorithm with a total of Nine Hundred and Two (902) datasets with the faces of people with and without face masks, which were collected from Elizade University, Ilara-Mokin, Ondo State of Nigeria. The Single Short Detection MobileNetv2 Algorithm was used to develop a predictive model and deployed on the Raspberry Pi 4 microcontroller. Percentage accuracy, F1 score, Recall, and Precision were the performance evaluation metrics used for the work. Also, a questionnaire was distributed to fifty (50) participants, mostly students and staff of Elizade University, Ilara-Mokin, who tested the system with and without wearing a face mask. The result of the system's performance evaluation indicates an accuracy of 99.86%, an F1 score of 100%, a recall of 100%, and a precision of 100%. The developed system can be miniaturised and reproduced to make the entire system smaller and more affordable. With the availability of the system's prototype, the development of the system for access control in public places such as stadiums, shopping malls, and schools is possible.