Prevalence and antibiotic resistance of bacteria isolated from ready-to-eat (RTE) food samples of highly patronized eateries in Ogbomoso-Oyo state, Nigeria

Abstract

The study was designed to determine the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of bacterial isolates of ready- to-eat-rice from four (4) of the major eateries in Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria. General purpose and non-selective media were used for isolation and a total of ten (10) bacteria were identified. Culture plates with less than 30 colonies and those with more than 300 colonies were removed and not included in the colony counts. The organisms obtained were subsequently sub-cultured and subjected to various biochemical characterization tests for identification. The organisms identified with their percentage of occurrence were Bacillus cereus (30.4%), B. marcescens (4.3%), B. subtilis (4.3%), Streptococcus faecalis (4.3%), S. faecium (13.0%), Staphylococcus aureus, (17.4%) Pseudomonas putida (4.3), Proteus vulgaris (4.3%), Micrococcus luteus (13.0%) and M. acidiophilus (4.3%). Bacteria isolated were tested against six (6) different antibiotics which are Ofloxacin OFL,(5μg); Erythromycin ERY, (10μg); Gentamicin GEN, (10μg); Ceftriaxone CEF, (30μg); Ciprofloxacin CIP, (5μg); and Cotrimoxazole COT, (50μg) in order to determine their susceptibility. Based on the overall effectiveness, Ceftriaxone and Ofloxacin were the least active, while Cotrimoxazole was the most active against the isolates.