Physical and Chemical Sciences

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Browsing Physical and Chemical Sciences by Author "Abegunde, Segun Michael"

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    Adsorption of Methylene Blue onto Acid Modified Raphia Taedigera Seed Activated Carbon
    (Advanced Journal of Chemistry, 2020-04-19) Olasehinde, Emmanuel Folorunso; Abegunde, Segun Michael
    In this work, the possibility of using Raphia taedigera seed as a low-cost adsorbent to remove methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solutions was investigated. The activated carbon was prepared by carbonization and chemical treatment of the seed with sulphuric acid to produce acidmodified Raphia taedigera seed activated carbon (RTAC). The surface morphology and bond arrangement of the RTAC were evaluated using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), respectively. The SEM analysis results revealed that the prepared adsorbent had aggregated and rough surface structure with pores and FTIR revealed the presence of several functional groups such as –C=O, –OH, –C=C–, –N=O and –C=N–. The adsorption efficiency of the RTAC for the removal of the MB dye was assessed under different experimental conditions including, contact time, temperature, pH, adsorbent dosage, and dye initial concentration. The results gave the performances of 99.611% after 15 min, 99.635% at 303 K, 99.894% at pH 9, 99.256% with 0.9 g, and 99.743% for 40 mg/L for evaluating the effect of the contact time, temperature, pH, adsorbent dosage, and dye solutions initial concentration, respectively. The adsorption of the MB dye onto the RTAC conformed to Langmuir isotherm and fit best to pseudo-second-order kinetic models. Thermodynamic studies indicated a spontaneous, endothermic, feasible, and physisorption nature of the RTAC and MB dye interactions. The present study found the acid-modified Raphia taedigera seed activated carbon to be a promising low-cost adsorbent for the removal of MB dye from aqueous solution.
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    Preparation and characterization of a new adsorbent from raphia taedigera seed
    (Research Group Publishers, 2019-09-16) Olasehinde, Emmanuel Folorunso; Abegunde, Segun Michael
    There has been widespread research and engagement in recent years on the use of plant material in preparing porous carbon for wastewater treatment. In this study, new biochars (BCs) impregnated with 0.1 M sulphuric acid (RTA) and 0.1 M sodium hydroxide (RTB) were prepared. The BCs and raw seed [RTR] were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Four ier - transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer, and thermogravimetric/Differential thermal analyser. [TGA/DTA) to determine their morphology, spectral bands and thermal behaviour respectively. RTR showed a scattered aggregated surface microstructure, while both RTA and RTB gave aggregated rough surfaces with high number of pores. The FTIR analysis showed significant changes in term of band shift, bands disappearances, and new band formations due to pyrolysis and activation of the BCs. The results of the TGA/DTA revealed that RTA and RTB have better thermal stability than RTR, with the maximum degradation temperature of RTR, RTA, and RTB occurred at 3800C, 4250C and 4100C respectively. Adsorption efficiencies ranged from 81.671 to 99.743% for performance evaluation on the BCs using different adsorbent dosages and the initial concentrations of methylene blue solutions. These preliminary investigations suggest that biochars prepared from Raphia taedigera seed can be used for methylene blue removal from wastewater