Browsing by Author "Adanikin, Ariyo"
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Item Assessment of the Strength of Conventionally Produced Sandcrete Blocks and Burnt Bricks(IOSR Journals, 2018-03-15) Adanikin, Ariyo; Jegele, ThompsonThe fact remains that housing has been universally acknowledged as the second most important human need after food. It has been of perennial interest to the world at large since its availability touches on one of the widest spectrum of human existence. Sandcrete blocks as building materials have become so popular in many parts of Africa that although similar to bricks in many respects, they both deserve to be treated separately. It is therefore worthy of note that for an engineer to select one of these materials (block and brick), the fitness or suitability of the chosen materials for the purposed structure must be considered.Tests carried out in this research include sieve analysis, Atterberg’s limit tests (Liquid limit and plastic limit) were carried out on the materials (sand andlaterite)to be able to ascertain certain of their properties for their intended use. About ten pieces each of sandcrete block and burnt bricks were prepared for the study and density and compressive strength tests were carried out on them. Findings of the study shows the samples Liquid Limit to be 32%, Plastic Limit of 16.7%, density of the sandcrete block is 1947.47kg/m3 while the density of the burnt brick is 1823.58kg/m3 .The average compressive strength of burnt brick (5.20N/mm2 ) was found to be higher than that of sandcrete block (3.15N/mm2 ).This shows that the compressive strength is directly proportional to the crushing load on the specimens and this is shown by the regression equation y = 0.2129x+1.5;R² = 0.9817 for the burnt bricks and y = 0.14x + 0.7; R² = 0.9942 for the sandcrete blocks.The study therefore concludes that burnt bricks just like sandcrete blocks is a good construction material and can be used for sustainable building construction.Item COVID-19 and E-Learning: Nigeria Tertiary Education System Experience(International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science, 2020-05) Adeoye, I. A.; Adeoye, I. A.; Adanikin, A. F.; Adanikin, A. F.; Adanikin, Ariyo; Adanikin, AriyoGlobally, the world is faced with the COVID-19 pandemic which has held the economy at ransom not exempting the educational sector. This pandemic has brought about recent changes and disruptions in the educational sector which serves as a catalyst for the development of any nation. Educational sector globally is seen to be shifting towards e-learning in order to cushion the effect of this pandemic. However, developing countries evidence from the Nigeria experience are posed with the challenge of shifting from the traditional teaching method to the e-learning during the pandemic. The challenges arise as a result of the varying degree of preparedness of the institutions, lack of infrastructures, paucity of funds and policies issues in the Nigeria education sector. It is in tandem with this prevailing issues that this study examines the Nigeria educational system based on the global pandemic. This paper further discusses the necessity of e-learning; identifies and discuss challenges as well as opportunities. Recommendations to enhance e-learning during and post COVID-19 were also givenItem DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF A WEAR TESTING MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING LABORATORIES(1st FUOYE INTERNATIONAL ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2018) Ogedengbe, Temitayo S.; YUSSOUFF, Abiodun A.; Adanikin, AriyoWear of parts during manufacturing processes is inevitable but controllable. Therefore, the critical study of wear in engineering components is vital because failure of components due to wear has resulted in loss of a great deal of fortune. This study was therefore an attempt to design and fabricate a wear testing machine, evaluate the performance of the machine and compare data obtained with existing ones. Materials for the various parts were carefully selected based on desirable properties and availability. Design calculations were made for the main shaft, compression spring, belt, pulley and electric motor. The post fabrication test was carried out on the machine to evaluate the performance of the machine and results gotten reportedItem Design and Development of a Wear Testing Machine for Manufacturing Laboratories(FUOYE International Engineering Conference, 2018) Ogedengbe, Temitayo S.; Yussouff, Abiodun A.; Adanikin, AriyoWear of parts during manufacturing processes is inevitable but controllable. Therefore, the critical study of wear in engineering components is vital because failure of components due to wear has resulted in loss of a great deal of fortune. This study was therefore an attempt to design and fabricate a wear testing machine, evaluate the performance of the machine and compare data obtained with existing ones. Materials for the various parts were carefully selected based on desirable properties and availability. Design calculations were made for the main shaft, compression spring, belt, pulley and electric motor. The post fabrication test was carried out on the machine to evaluate the performance of the machine and results gotten reported.Item Efficiency of Cow Bone Ash (CBA) In Mitigating Alkali Silica Reaction (ASR) Based On Accelerated Mortar Bar Test (AMBT) In Concrete Pavements(Conference: Faculty of Engineering International Conference (FEIC_2019), 2019-10) Adanikin, Ariyo; Falade, F. A.; Olutaiwo, A. O.Nigerian roads which are predominantly flexible pavements are in a deteriorated state and requires frequent maintenance before the expiration of their design life. Rigid/Concrete pavements serves as a better alternative to flexible pavements on the long term considering their ability to contain higher traffic load, constructed over a weak subgrade, requiring little maintenance and many much benefits. Concrete pavements however are susceptible to Alkali Silica Reaction (ASR) which compromises the strength and morphological properties of the pavement. This has necessitated studies on the use of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) to reduce the effect of ASR and enhance the properties of the concrete pavement. The efficiency of SCMs such as Cow Bone Ash (CBA) to partially replace cement and mitigate the effect of ASR in concrete is researched in this study. This will help reduce the menace of greenhouse gas emission that results from the production of cement required for concrete pavement construction. Concrete bars of known dimensions were constructed with partial replacement of cement by CBA (0%-30%). The expansion of the concrete bars was measured on the 7th, 14th and 28th day of immersion in 1M NaOH. The concrete bars expansion values are then compared to VicRoads 610 and ASTM C1260 standards to determine the concrete reactivity classification. The study revealed that at above 15% CBA replacement levels, cow bone ash is efficient for use in rigid pavements for mitigating the effects of Alkali Silica Reaction. The regression analysis of concrete cubes expansion against percentage of CBA replacement indicates a high level of relationship between both variables. This indicates that the higher the level of CBA addition, the lower the level of concrete expansion and lower level of ASR attack in the Portland cement/rigid pavement. Recommendations on how ASR can be mitigated in new and existing structures are highlightedItem Engineering Education Factors and Academic Performance in South-Western Nigerian Universities(World Academics Journal of Engineering Sciences, 2020-06) Adanikin, Ariyo; Adeoye, I.A.; Adanikin, A.F.Engineering education has remained the substratum of any society as its contributions towards national development cannot be overemphasized. This is evident in the rapid technological innovations and novel solutions achieved by students with excellent academic performance in universities across the globe. However, some factors have inhibited students’ academic performance in many developing countries especially in the Nigeria experience. These factors are attributed to parental influence, societal pressures, outdated curriculum, lack of state-of-the-art equipment’s and traditional teaching methods. Based on the aforementioned, this paper examined the effect of engineering education factors on academic performance using a survey research design. Primary method of data collection was utilized for administration of 400 copies of questionnaire amongst final year engineering students in the selected tertiary institution in South West, Nigeria. Data were analyzed using multiple regression and artificial neural network analysis. Multiple regression analysis revealed that engineering education factors significantly affects academic performance (R = 0.713, R2 = 0.508, F = 35.105). However, parental influence (p=0.078) and equipment availability (p =0.687) were found not to have significant effect on the students’ academic performance. Artificial neural network analysis further revealed that that lecturers teaching methods has the highest importance (0.437) while equipment’s availability had the least importance (0.050) on the academic performance of the students. It was concluded that engineering educational factors plays a significant role in engendering engineering student performance. The study therefore recommends that an upgrade of the curriculum, innovative teaching methodologies and positive parenting are vital tools for achieving above average learners’ academic performanceItem Evaluating the Quality Assurance and Control of Hot-Mix Asphalt from Selected Plants in South West, Nigeria(2020-06-25) Olutaiwo, A. O.; Adanikin, AriyoRoads are essential necessity of every nation and it is possible that even with proper designs, the roads might not be constructed to the design standard due to poor quality assurance and control resulting in poor pavement quality. This study presents experimental results carried out on various hot - mix asphalt (HMA) samples obtained across different Asphalt plants in South West Nigeria. This was done to determine the extent to which the HMA used in the construction and rehabilitation of Nigerian roads affect their service life. Six samples of the asphalt binder (bitumen) were obtained from each plant over a period of six months and tested. The tested properties were assessed based on the level of conformance with the specifications and requirements from the FMWH General Specification (Roads and Bridges). The results revealed that HMA from plant B had a specific gravity of 1.01, penetration of 65.00 mm, softening point of 53 oC, flash point of 237.00 oC, peak Marshall Stability of 18.25 kN, flow of 3.87 mm and voids in total mixture peak value of 5.08 %. HMA from plant E had a specific gravity of 1.03, penetration of 65.00 mm, softening point of 51 oC, flash point of 239.00 oC, peak marshall stability of 18.26 kN, flow of 3.67 mm and voids in total mixture peak value of 4.99 % and these were adjudged the best in conformance with the FMWH specifications. Adequate monitoring of HMA quality for either binder or wearing courses by carrying out quality control and assurance tests is thereby recommended as it affects pavement durability and performanceItem Evaluation of the Structural Performance of Lateritic Soil Stabilized with Cassava Peel Ash (CPA) and Cement(ARC journals, 2016-07-04) Olutaiwo, Adeoluwa; Adanikin, AriyoThis study presents the result of experimental investigation on the evaluation of the effects of Cassava Peel Ash (CPA) on the index and structural properties of lateritic soil of A-7-5 (AASHTO Classification) and SP soil (USCS classification) respectively. The study was in two phases, firstly with the addition of CPA only by weight of dry soil and secondly with the addition of 5% cement with the CPA by weight of dry soil. The CPA additions were performed using 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10% increment by weight of dry soil thoroughly mixed. The results of the treated soil showed that the index properties: plastic limit and the maximum dry density (MDD) decreased as the CPA addition increased whereas the liquid limit, plasticity index, Optimum Moisture Content (OMC) and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) increased as the CPA content increased. It was also discovered that the Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) increased up to 4% of CPA addition after which was a reduction. This implies that CPA possesses the potential for use in the modification/ stabilization of lateritic soils. Thus the use of CPA in road construction works can be said to have two major advantages – as an effective agricultural waste management and the improvement of road construction soils for better road performance.Item INCESSANT POWER SUPPLY IN NIGERIA AND THE NEED FOR THE DESIGN AND PRODUCTION OF 100,000MW POWER PLANT(International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, 2019-02) Oshin, Ola A.; Adanikin, Ariyo; Fakorede, Ebenezer; Joseph, OjotuThe present unreliable and erratic power supply is a pointer to the fact that there is a great need for fault evaluation and reliability studies of electric power system in Nigeria. The recent blackout in the country has grounded many activities and has destroyed many industrial processes. Also, the power industries face a lot of problems. Some of the highest priority issues being generation of sufficient power, urgent clearance of faults, adequate protection and increase reliability of the system, that is, bringing a steady uninterrupted power supply to the consumers. The Nigerian power problem resulted to incessant planned, forced and unplanned outages. In addition, it has resulted to erratic and unreliable supply of electricity in the country. It has reduced productivity and has increased unemployment rate in the country to over 40million (this figure is over 70% of Nigerian youths. It has led many of the youths in the country to crime. It has led many of the deaths of many innocent people in the country. Hence, an analytical method is developed to assess the dynamic- reliability of the distribution system, as well as optimizes the occurrence of faults along each of the individual consumer point in a feeder in order to improve the performance of the system. This research publication therefore evaluates the occurrence of faults which is about 856 occurrences during a period of 8 years and outages which range between 1118 to 3785 hours per annum along the distribution lines, also the failure rates of each of the feeders were analyzed in order to improve on the supply of electricity in the distribution network. The reliability of the system which ranges between 8.57*10-12 to 9.548*10-5 were analyzed; and fault clearing techniques were carried out. Efforts were made to adequately assess the failure rates of the feeders which range between 0.003 and 0.001 and reliability of the distribution system. Efforts were also made to improve the performance of the system. As a result, it was possible to establish improvement techniques which ensure adequate and constant supply of electricity to all the consumers for industrial growth and employment: a basic solution to increasing crime rate in the country.Item INCESSANT POWER SUPPLY IN NIGERIA AND THE NEED FOR THE DESIGN AND PRODUCTION OF 100,000MW POWER PLANT(International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, 2019-02) Oshin, Ola A.; Adanikin, Ariyo; Fakorede, Ebenezer O.; Joseph, OjotuThe present unreliable and erratic power supply is a pointer to the fact that there is a great need for fault evaluation and reliability studies of electric power system in Nigeria. The recent blackout in the country has grounded many activities and has destroyed many industrial processes. Also, the power industries face a lot of problems. Some of the highest priority issues being generation of sufficient power, urgent clearance of faults, adequate protection and increase reliability of the system, that is, bringing a steady uninterrupted power supply to the consumers. The Nigerian power problem resulted to incessant planned, forced and unplanned outages. In addition, it has resulted to erratic and unreliable supply of electricity in the country. It has reduced productivity and has increased unemployment rate in the country to over 40million (this figure is over 70% of Nigerian youths. It has led many of the youths in the country to crime. It has led many of the deaths of many innocent people in the country. Hence, an analytical method is developed to assess the dynamic- reliability of the distribution system, as well as optimizes the occurrence of faults along each of the individual consumer point in a feeder in order to improve the performance of the system. This research publication therefore evaluates the occurrence of faults which is about 856 occurrences during a period of 8 years and outages which range between 1118 to 3785 hours per annum along the distribution lines, also the failure rates of each of the feeders were analyzed in order to improve on the supply of electricity in the distribution network. The reliability of the system which ranges between 8.57*10-12 to 9.548*10-5 were analyzed; and fault clearing techniques were carried out. Efforts were made to adequately assess the failure rates of the feeders which range between 0.003 and 0.001 and reliability of the distribution system. Efforts were also made to improve the performance of the system. As a result, it was possible to establish improvement techniques which ensure adequate and constant supply of electricity to all the consumers for industrial growth and employment: a basic solution to increasing crime rate in the country.Item Investigation of the effect of alkali silica reaction (ASR) on properties of concrete pavement admixed with cow bone ash (CBA) by electrical resistivity test(1st International Conference on Sustainable Infrastructural Development, 2019) Adanikin, Ariyo; Falade, F.; Olutaiwo, A. O.; Faleye, E. T.; Ajayi, A. J.The use of concrete in road pavements construction in view of its durability and cost effectiveness over time have gained momentum. Cement concrete pavements however suffer deterioration due to Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR). This study therefore investigates the use of Cow Bone Ash (CBA) in mitigating the effect of ASR using electrical resistivity test (schlumberger array probe method). The results are then compared with American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards and relevant literatures. The result of the study showed that the average resistivity at 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 30% CBA replacement are 298.87 Ωm, 306.23 Ωm, 215.02 Ωm, 489.31 Ωm, 382.34 Ωm and 272.53 Ωm respectively. This indicates that the peak resistivity is obtained at 15% CBA replacement which is the optimal replacement level for ASR inhibition in the concrete. The result also shows that the concrete samples are corrosion free with the least resistivity value on the 7th day at 30% CBA addition (163.03 Ωm) and the maximum value at 20% CBA addition on the 56th Day (1069.54 Ωm). The study concluded that ASR and reinforcement corrosion can be effectively controlled between 15% and 20% cement replacement by CBA in concrete/rigid pavementsItem LABORATORY STUDY OF THE USE OF ALTERNATIVE MATERIALS AS FILLERSIN ASPHALTIC CONCRETES(International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET),, 2019-06) Adanikin, Ariyo; Oyedepo, O. J.; Ajayi, J. A; Agbetanmije, KThis paper presents a comprehensive study on the use of recycled industrial and agricultural wastes converted to powder and used as fillers in asphaltic concrete production.Fillers are essential components of an asphaltic concrete as they not only fill voids in the coarse and fine aggregates but also affect the ageing characteristics of the mix.The study in evaluating the effect of different types of filler on the behavior of asphaltic concrete used broken bricks powder, broken tiles powder, cow bone ash and broken glass powder as fillers. Marshall stability and flow test were carried out on the asphaltic concrete samples. The materials used in this study include 60/70 penetration grade bitumen, river sand and crushed granites. The average marshall stability and flow values of the broken bricks powder, broken tiles powder, cow bone ash and broken glass powder is obtained as 12.21 KN, 12.51 KN, 10.75 KN and 16.05 KN for the stability and 3.10 mm, 3.06 mm, 2.69 mm and 3.28 mm for the flow respectively. This shows that broken glass powder has the highest marshall stability and flow value. The study concluded that the fillers have varying effects on the asphaltic concrete properties (rutting behavior, ageing characteristics, stripping behavior, stiffness, moisture resistance and durability) on judging from their varying marshal stability and flow values.Item MECHANICAL STRENGTH DETERMINATION OF CRUSHED STONE AGGREGATE FRACTION FOR ROAD PAVEMENT CONSTRUCTION (CASE STUDY: SELECTED QUARRIES IN WESTERN NIGERIA)(FUOYE, 2018-07-06) Adanikin, Ariyo; Olutaiwo, Adewale; Ashamo, AIn this research work, the mechanical strength of crushed stone aggregate fractions for road pavement construction in Western Nigeria was assessed. Samples of crushed stone aggregates were collected from nine (9) representative quarries spread across the states in Western Nigeria.The physical and mechanical properties of the aggregates were evaluated. The results were then compared with the specifications in international standards (BS and ASTM Standards). All the aggregate samples met the required limit for Loose Density, Water Absorption, Aggregate Crushing Value (ACV) and Aggregate Impact Value (AIV) tests. Aggregates samples from Samchase, Kopek, CCECC and SaliwaYetidipe quarries have flakiness indices exceeding the permissible limit (29.5%, 25.7%, 27.9% and 34.5% respectively). Hi-Tech and Western quarries samples have elongation indices of 44.5% and 40.3% respectively which are higher than the permissible limit. The two samples that failed Aggregate Abrasion Value test (AAV) are Hi-Tech and Western quarries, having 30.8% and 30.4% respectively. These two aggregates samples have AAV less than 35% which means they are still good for pavement construction only if the appropriate guidelines are followed (since any aggregate with AAV more than 35% is deemed weak for pavement construction). The study concluded that aggregates from Julius Berger quarry have the highest mechanical strength.Item Microstructural Analysis of Concrete Using Cow Bone Ash for Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR) Suppression(Journal of Casting & Materials Engineering, 2020) Adanikin, Ariyo; Falade, Funsho; Olutaiwo, AdewaleConcrete pavements are prone to microstructural changes and deterioration when exposed to Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR). ASR results in strength reduction, cracking, spalling and other defects in the concrete if left unchecked. Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs) such as Cow Bone Ash (CBA) however can be used to improve concrete performance, hence its use in this study. Concrete samples were prepared at replacement levels of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 30% of cement with Cow Bone Ash. The concrete samples were then subjected to petrographic and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis. Petrographic examination shows that the minimal and least amount of ASR gels and micro cracking were observed at 15% CBA replacement of cement in the concrete samples. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis shows that changes in the elemental composition of the concrete samples is related to the effect of CBA which enhances adhesion in the concrete. SEM analysis show that, in general, the change in microstructure in the concrete was mainly due to the change in the arrangement of the C-H-S compounds. The microstructure analysis indicates that CBA in concrete influences the densification of the concrete at the transition zone, resulting in a much lower porosity. This results in the concrete having a tightly bound layer that repels ingress of water and thereby inhibiting cracks and gel formation as water is a contributing factor to the ASR in concrete.Item MULTINOMIAL LOGISTIC REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF VEHICULAR ACCIDENT IN NIGERIA(FUW Trends in Science & Technology Journal, 2019-04-26) Oyedepo, Joseph; Adanikin, Ariyo; Ajagunna, AdeyinkaVehicular accidents are major problem in developing countries and Nigeria is no exemption to this worldwide dilemma. In Nigeria, transportation has been largely by road and this means of transportation is largely inefficient and defectives resulting in vehicular accidents. The study was carried out in Akure, Ondo state Nigeria. The data used in the study were collected by collating accident records obtain from the Ondo State specialist hospital for a five-year period from the year 2013 to 2017; the records were analyzed using the multinomial logistic regression model. The findings show that 67% of the accident victims were male having death rate of 12.8%, while 46% of the accident victims are in the ages between 14 to 40 years. The findings also revealed that majority of the accidents occurred between the between the 1st and 3rd quarter of each year while the 2nd quarter generally saw a decline in road traffic accidents. The likelihood ratio test reveals that there is a significant relationship between the nature of accident, gender, and age as they have p value less than 0.05. The study recommends establishment of government policies aimed at improving health care delivery to vehicular accident victims, road network should be provided with roadway infrastructures, improvements in pavement construction and maintenance, enforcement of legislation as related to vehicle speed, pedestrian usage of roads as it is believed when all these are adhered to, vehicular accidents will reduce.Item Performance Study of University of Ado Ekiti (UNAD) Transit Shuttle Buses(Science Publishing Group, 2017-06-01) Adanikin, Ariyo; Olutaiwo, Adewale; Obafemi, TobiTraffic engineering uses engineering methods and techniques to achieve the safe and time efficient movement of people and goods on roadways. The safe and time efficient movement of people and goods is dependent on the transit system performance, which is directly connected to the traffic characteristics. The main parameters of performance of transport shuttles are traffic volume, speed, density and revenue; and all these are evaluated in this study. In the absence of effective planning and traffic management, current road infrastructure will not be able to cater for the future needs of the University. Students, staff and vehicle volumes have increased significantly in the last decade in the Institution, yet the performance of the transport shuttle have been dismal and unable to achieve its objectives. Findings of the study show that the morning peak period (8.00am to 9.00am) has 234 vehicles/hr, evening peak period (2.00pm to 3.00pm) has 284 vehicles/hr, while the offpeak period (11.00am to 12.00pm) has 156 vehicles/hr. The journey time from the Post Office bus stop to the University campus, measured as 34.01 minutes, was too long for the distance of 15.0km road which according to the Nigeria Highway Code should not be more than 18 minutes. The average stopping time was 6.55 minutes, average interval between arrivals of motorists was 16.40 seconds, the average queue length was 14.23 people, and the average waiting time at the bus-stop 4.17 minutes. These values were obtained using the queuing theory and shows much commuters time is lost on transit queues. The financial condition of the transit unit shows that amount generated is less than the amount expended by the transit operators. This means, in effect, that the shuttle bus operators are operating in deficit.Item Principles of Electrical Machines 1(Lambert Academic Publishing, Omni Scriptum GmbH & Co. KG, Deutschland Germany, 2018-02-24) Oshin, Ola A.; Onile, Abiodun E.; Adanikin, Ariyo; Fakorede, Ebenezer; Joseph, Ojotu I.Item PUBLIC TRANSPORT POLICY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: NIGERIA AS A CASE STUDY(1st International Conference of the School of Management Technology (SMAT), 2017-03) Adanikin, Ariyo; Oyedepo, O. JosephThis paper reviewed understudies public transport approach utilizing factors such urbanization, populace development, vehicle proprietorship, and utilization. With changes in the social, political and economic climate of Nigeria, this study looks at how these changes have affected transportation request and supply, transport arrangement and directions, and parts of economic aspects and fund identified with public transport. Conservation and enhancing of existing modes, effective utilization of people in general transport administration framework, executing appropriate transportation measures, and empowering a move towards reasonable modes were suggested. Review of government policies towards public transportation was undertaken and it shows that if developing nations like Nigeria are to achieve their economic transformation blueprint such as the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), they require a functional, reliable and effective transport system to, among other things, connect people, places, services, opportunities and all these can only be derived by properly formulated and implemented policies with the aid of all relevant private, academic and government bodies working together.Item PUBLIC TRANSPORT POLICY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: NIGERIA AS A CASE STUDY(SMAT FUTA, 2017-07-02) Adanikin, Ariyo; Oyedepo, Joseph O.This paper reviewed understudies public transport approach utilizing factors such urbanization, populace development, vehicle proprietorship, and utilization. With changes in the social, political and economic climate of Nigeria, this study looks at how these changes have affected transportation request and supply, transport arrangement and directions, and parts of economic aspects and fund identified with public transport. Conservation and enhancing of existing modes, effective utilization of people in general transport administration framework, executing appropriate transportation measures, and empowering a move towards reasonable modes were suggested. Review of government policies towards public transportation was undertaken and it shows that if developing nations like Nigeria are to achieve their economic transformation blueprint such as the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), they require a functional, reliable and effective transport system to, among other things, connect people, places, services, opportunities and all these can only be derived by properly formulated and implemented policies with the aid of all relevant private, academic and government bodies working together.Item RELIABILITY OF DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS IN NIGERIA: IKORODU, LAGOS STATE AS A CASE STUDY(International Journal of Engineering and Emerging Scientific Discovery, Casir Media Publishing, 2018-12-18) Oshin, Ola A.; Onile, Abiodun E.; Adanikin, Ariyo; Fakorede, EbenezerNigerians are experiencing a lot of difficulties as a result of poor Generation, Transmission and Distribution of electricity. As of 2016, the electricity energy consumption in the world from the world fact book revealed that the average power per capital (watts per person) in the United States is 1,377 Watts. In Canada, it is as high as 1,704 Watts per person and in South Africa; it is 445 Watts per person. The average power per capital in Australia is 1,112 Watts and in New Zealand it is 1,020 W per person. Whereas, the average electricity consumed in watts per person in Nigeria is just 14 Watts. This has put Nigeria in a rank of 189 out of 219 countries estimated. Currently, power generating capacity in Nigeria is estimated to be 6,803 megawatts, with average working capacity between 3,500 MW for over 170 million people (20.59 W/person). The power Companies in Nigeria face a lot of problems. Some of the highest priority issues being low generation of power, inadequate equipment and technical team for the clearance of faults, inadequate protection devices, transmission losses and low reliability of the distribution system. The Nigerian power problem has resulted to incessant planned, forced and unplanned outages. This has grounded many activities and has destroyed many industrial operations and processes. In addition, it has resulted to erratic and unreliable supply of electricity. It has reduced productivity and has increased unemployment and crime rates in the country. Hence, an analytical method is developed to study the dynamic- reliability of the distribution system, as well as optimizes the occurrence of faults and outages along the consumer point in each feeder in order to improve the performance of the system. A great need for fault evaluation and reliability studies of electric power system was observed. This research work analyzed the problems facing the Distribution System. Efforts were made to provide adequate solutions to the problems. The research work evaluated the occurrence and causes of faults and outages in the Distribution Network Area for a period of 8 years. In addition, it analyzed and reduced the effects of power losses along each of the feeders in the Distribution Network Area. This research work revealed the downtime, failure rate and reliability index along each of the eight feeders. It also improved the reliability and performance of the distribution system.