Browsing by Author "Afolabi, Micheal Segun"
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Item Genetic and heritability estimates of landrace upland rice accessions grown in rainforest agro-ecological zone of Nigeria(Journal of Pure and Applied Agriculture, 2021-03-17) Agbowuro, Gbenga Oluwayomi; Salami, Ayodeji Ekundayo; Aluko, Matthew; Olajide, Olubunmi Olufunke; Afolabi, Micheal SegunThe basic understanding and knowledge of genetic variability within a plant population are highly fundamental for its improvement by the plant breeders. Research work was conducted to estimate the extent of genetic variability, heritability, and genetic advance as percent of mean of landrace upland rice accessions that are predominantly grown in the rainforest agro-ecological zone of Nigeria. Ten landrace upland rice accessions constituted the treatment and were laid in randomized complete block design with three replications in three locations between March to November 2019. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences (P<0.01) among the accessions and the environments except for the number of tillers per plant while accession by environment interaction differs significantly for all the traits though at different levels except the numbers of tillers per plant. Accession 1 recorded the highest grain yield (1.72) followed by accession 2 (1.38), accession 8 (1.36), accession 3 (1.29), and accession 4 (1.04) accordingly while accession 7 (0.75) had the least grain yield across the locations. Heritability (broad-sense) estimates ranged from (61.4393%) grain yield to (99.6028%) plant height. Moderate to high phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation and genetic advances as a percent of mean were recorded for all the traits. Moderate to high estimates of genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation, and genetic advances as a percent of mean coupled with high heritability (broad-sense) for these traits is an indication that the traits are governed by additive genetic action. Hence, improvement of these traits can be made through selection. © 2021 Department of Agricultural Sciences, AIOUItem Plant breeding: A potential tool to sustain food security in Sub-Saharan Africa(Journal of Pure and Applied Agriculture, 2021-03-12) Agbowuro, Gbenga Oluwayomi; Salami, Ayodeji Ekundayo; Afolabi, Micheal SegunThe world human population has continued to increase over the years, this has affected availability and shorten supply of food. Food security challenge is bound to happen as the world human population is expected to reach 9 billion by the year 2050 if food production rate did not double its current production rate. The problem is compounded by the reduction in area of arable land available for farming and food production due to urbanization, salinity, land degradation, desertification, natural and man-made disasters, and climate change. The crop production and food security are under threat from these factors. To address challenges, a call for the development of improved new varieties of crop plants that can give more yield under abiotic and biotic stresses is inevitable; and can be achieved through improving various traits that are associated with yield in varieties of crops especially to more adaptive and resilient to inclement conditions. Adopting the knowledge of science particularly plant breeding and genetics is a way forward to meet future food demand in sub-Saharan Africa due to her relatively lagging pace in technology and inadequate research funding schemes. In this review work, we focus on the conventional plant breeding methods for food security sustainability in sub-Saharan Africa rather than technologies that the region's economy cannot sustain. © 2021 Department of Agricultural Sciences, AIOU