Browsing by Author "Agbowuro, Gbenga O."
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Item Development of multiepitope subunit protein vaccines against Toxoplasma gondii using an immunoinformatics approach(NAR Genomics and Bioinformatics,, 2020-06-21) Onile, O.S.; Ojo, Glory J.; Oyeyemi, Bolaji Fatai; Agbowuro, Gbenga O.; Fadahunsi, Adeyinka I.Approximately one-third of the world’s human population is estimated to have been exposed to the parasite Toxoplasma gondii. Its prevalence is reportedly high in Ethiopia (74.80%) and Zimbabwe (68.58%), and is 40.40% in Nigeria. The adverse effect of this parasite includes a serious congenital disease in the developing fetus of pregnant women. After several efforts to eliminate the disease, only one licensed vaccine ‘Toxovax’ has been used to avoid congenital infections in sheep. The vaccine has been adjudged expensive coupled with adverse effects and short shelf life. The potential of vaccine to likely revert to virulent strain is a major reason why it has not been found suitable for human use, hence the need for a vaccine that will induce T and B memory cells capable of eliciting longtime immunity against the infection. This study presents immunoinformatics approaches to design a T. gondii-oriented multiepitope subunit vaccine with focus on micronemal proteins for the vaccine construct. The designed vaccine was subjected to antigenicity, immunogenicity, allergenicity and physicochemical parameter analyses. A 657-amino acid multiepitope vaccine was designed with the antigenicity probability of 0.803. The vaccine construct was classified as stable, nonallergenic, and highly immunogenic, thereby indicating the safety of the vaccine construct for human use.Item Genetic Studies of Grain Yield and other Agronomic Traits of Low-N Maize (Zea mays L.) Using a Diallel Cross under Nitrogen Fertilizer Levels(International Journal of Plant Breeding, 2019-10) Salami, A. E.; Afolabi, M. S.; Agbowuro, Gbenga O.Ten low-N open pollinated maize varieties were converted to inbred line after six generations of selfing and used to study the genetic effects of grain yield and other agronomic traits. The 10 inbred lines were crossed in all possible combinations to generate 90 F1 hybrids (45 crosses and 45 reciprocals). The 90 F1 along with their parents were evaluated at the Teaching and Research Farms of Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti and Osun State University, Ejigbo in 2017, using two environments created by levels of N (low and high). The design at each location was a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two replicates. Data were collected on plant height, ear height, days to 50% anthesis, days to 50% silking, incidence of curvularia leaf spot, blight, plant aspect, ear aspect, ear rot, stay green, cob per plant, ear weight, grain moisture content and grain yield. All data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance. Specific combining ability (SCA) and general combing ability (GCA) were obtained for the traits. The mean yield of the hybrids (6,444.42 t/ha) and reciprocal (5,971.64 t/ha) were significantly higher than their parents (2,212.84 t/ha). Significant GCA, SCA and reciprocal were recorded for all traits. Hybrids showed better performance compared with parental lines demonstrating heterotic effect. The ratio of GCA/SCA mean square revealed that non-additive gene action was more important for all the traits except ear height, blight, stay green and cob per plant. The estimate of GCA and SCA in this study provides the maize breeder with information to determine which lines to select to improve elite varieties and which parent lines should be used for making hybrids with greater grain yield under condition of low soil N.Item Genetic Variations, Heritability and Genetic Advance Studies among Okra Accessions grown in different Agro-ecological Zones in Nigeria(International Journal of Food Science and Agriculture, 2019-05-16) Agbowuro, Gbenga O.; Salami, A. E.; Awoyemi, S. O.; Ogunwale, G. I.; Kehinde-Fadare, A. F.; Olajide, O. O.Some level of variation within crop varieties is highly important for its improvement with the aids of good plant breeding methods. A field research experiment was carried out with the aim to estimate genetic variation and heritability in the okra accessions grown in different agro-ecological zones in Nigeria. Twenty okra accessions were obtained from various locations in different agro-ecological zones of Nigeria. Twenty okra accessions were evaluated between April to August 2018 at Ekiti State University Teaching and Research Farm, Ekiti State. These twenty okra accessions constituted the treatment, which was lied out in a RCBD in a three replicates. The result were highly significant (p<0.01) for all the traits studied. Magnitude of the phenotypic coefficient of variances were slightly higher than genotypic coefficient of variances in this study which showed that environment did not much influence the estimates of genetic performance. The coefficient of phenotypic and genotypic variances were high in the traits studied. Heritability estimates ranges from 75.04% for days to 50% flowering to 98.85% for weight of 100 seeds. High heritability with high genetic advance were observed for all the studied traits indicating that they are governed by additive gene action and this could be improved through simple selection except days to 50% flowering with the lowest heritability value coupled with the lowest genetic advance value lesser than 10%.Item Performance of Pawpaw (Carica papaya L.) and Soil Chemical Properties(Agricultural Journal, 2013) Agbowuro, Gbenga O.This study evaluated different agricultural wastes as fertilizer on nursery performance of pawpaw Carica papaya L. and soil chemical properties. The experiment was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. Five agricultural wastes were used as organic fertilizers applied to pawpaw seedlings. The experimental design used was complete randomized design with three replicates. The following growth parameters were collected on weekly basis: Plant height, number of leaves per plant and leaf area. There was no significant differences in the effect of the different agricultural wastes applied as treatment on the pawpaw seedlings height, number of leaves per plant and leaf area. The soil chemical properties increased significantly after the study. The study confirms the appropriateness of the use of any of these agricultural waste at 2.5 ton ha-1 in raising pawpaw seedling since no significant different was observed in the growth parameters.