Browsing by Author "Ajeigbe, Olufunke F."

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    Fig leaves varieties reduce blood pressure in hypertensive rats through modulation of antioxidant status and activities of arginase and angiotensin-1 converting enzyme
    (Springer Link : Comparative Clinical Pathology, 2021-05) Ajeigbe, Olufunke F.; Oboh, Ganiyu; Ademosun, Ayokunle Olubode; Oyagbemi, Ademola Adetokunbo
    The medicinal application of sandpaper leaves in the management of hypertension has been reported with very little knowledge on the variety with better anti-hypertensive properties. Hence, this study seeks to compare phenolic content and the effect of some varieties of sand paper leaves (Ficus spp.), namely, Ficus exasperata (FE), Ficus asperifolia (FA), Ficus mucuso (FM) and Ficus capensis (FC) on the systolic and diastolic bood pressures (SBP and DBP), angiotensin-1-converting enzyme (ACE), and arginase activities and antioxidant status in L-NAME induced hypertensive rats. The animals were divided into eleven groups (n = 6): normotensive control rats, hypertensive rats, hypertensive rats treated with atenolol (10 mg/kg/day), hypertensive rats treated with 2.5% and 5% FE, FA, FM, and FC extract inclusive diet respectively. There was a significant rise (p < 0.05) in the systolic and diastolic blood pressures, ACE and arginase activities, and antioxidant status in the hypertensive rats. However, there were reductions in the SBP, DBP, ACE, and arginase activities and increase in the antioxidant status of the rats fed with the Ficus leaves. FM had the highest phenolic (91.09 mg/100 g) and flavonoid content (43.35 mg/100 g). FA showed the best anti-oxidant property, while FC showed the strongest inhibition of ACE and arginase activities.
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    Relieving the tension in hypertension: Food–drug interactions and anti-hypertensive mechanisms of food bioactive compounds
    (Wiley : Journal of Food Biochemistry, 2020-06-14) Ajeigbe, Olufunke F.; Ademosun, Ayokunle Olubode; Oboh, Ganiyu
    Hypertension is a global health problem. Statistics report from the World Health Organization reveals its prevalence in about a quarter of the world global population. Due to the complications associated with hypertension, it is required to be well managed or prevented pharmacologically or non-pharmacologically. Pharmacologically, the major antihypertensive drugs used are centrally acting sympatholytic drugs, diuretics, vasodilators, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, and angiotensin II receptor blockers while non-pharmacological means of management include lifestyle changes, intake of diet or supplements with antihypertensive effects. Interestingly, the use of diet as a complement with drug intake has become very popular due to occurring side effects over time. Recent research efforts have revealed that foods such as fruits and vegetables contain bioactive substances that modulate the activities of macromolecules involved in the development, complications, and management of hypertension. Practical applications Recent research efforts have suggested the efficacy of diets rich in fruits and vegetables in the management of hypertension. This review examines some of the mechanisms involved in the dietary management or prevention of hypertension by bioactive compounds found in foods. This review promotes the use of diet in the management of the condition and also suggests that precautions to be taken in the combined use of food and drugs.
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    Taurine Ameliorates Renal Oxidative Damage and Thyroid Dysfunction in Rats Chronically Exposed to Fluoride
    (Springer Link : Biological Trace Element Research volume, 2016-06-26) Adedara, Isaac A.; Ojuade, Temini Jesu D.; Olabiyi, Bolanle F.; Idris, Umar F.; Onibiyo, Esther M.; Ajeigbe, Olufunke F.; Farombi, Ebenezer O.
    Excessive exposure to fluoride poses several detrimental effects to human health particularly the kidney which is a major organ involved in its elimination from the body. The influence of taurine on fluoride-induced renal toxicity was investigated in a co-exposure paradigm for 45 days using five groups of eight rats each. Group I rats received normal drinking water alone, group II rats were exposed to sodium fluoride (NaF) in drinking water at 15 mg/L alone, group III received taurine alone at a dose of 200 mg/kg group IV rats were co-administered with NaF and taurine (100 mg/kg), while group V rats were co-administered with NaF and taurine (200 mg/kg). Administration of taurine significantly reversed the fluoride-mediated decrease in absolute weight and organo-somatic index of the kidney in the exposed rats. Taurine significantly prevented fluoride-induced elevation in plasma urea and creatinine levels in the exposed rats. Moreover, taurine restored fluoride-mediated decrease in the circulatory concentrations of triiodothyronine, thyroxine, and the ratio of triiodothyronine to thyroxine. Taurine ameliorated fluoride-mediated decrease in renal antioxidant status by significantly enhancing the antioxidant enzyme activities as well as glutathione level in the exposed rats. Additionally, taurine inhibited fluoride-induced renal oxidative damage by markedly decreasing the hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde levels as well as improved the kidney architecture in the treated rats. Collectively, taurine protected against fluoride-induced renal toxicity via enhancement of thyroid gland function, renal antioxidant status, and histology in rats.