Browsing by Author "Betiku, Eriola"

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    Biodiesel production by transmethylation of Nigerian palm kernel oil
    (Ife Journal of Technology, 2009-11) Shote, AS; Betiku, Eriola; Asere, AA
    The need for this study arose from the recent energy crisis coupled with the huge potential that Nigeria has for the production of Palm Kernel Oil (PKO). Locally produced PKO was chemically modified (methanolysis) to produce PKO-based biodiesel. The reaction temperature and the catalyst loading were maintained at 60 o C and 1.0% weight of oil, respectively. The methanol to oil molar ratio was kept at 6: 1. The production of PKO-based biodiesel (at 60 o C for 1.5 hours) by transmethylation process in the presence of NaOH as catalyst yielded crude products, Glycerol and biodiesel. Subsequently, PKO (parent oil), automotive gas oil (AGO) and PKO methyl esters transesterified were characterized to determine their properties and suitability as fuels in Compression Ignition Engine (CIE). Results of the transmethylated PKO showed that properties such as viscosity (3.359 cSt), specific gravity (0.8728), water content (nil) and flash point (100 o C) conformed to standards (ASTM, BIS). Properties of the PKO biodiesel were comparable with properties of AGO. Emissions assessment showed that CO concentration was reduced by 30% when PKO biodiesel was used in CIE compared with AGO. Hence, PKO-based biodiesel has a promising prospect for partial or total replacement for petro-diesel in CIE.
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    Characteristics of CO and NOx emissions from combustion of transmethylated palm kernel oil-based biodiesel blends in a compression ignition engine
    (Journal of King Saud University – Engineering Sciences, 2018-02) Shote, Adeola S.; Betiku, Eriola; Asere, Abraham A.
    This study assessed hazardous emissions from transesterified Palm Kernel Oil-based (PKO-based) biodiesel blends in a Compression Ignition Engine (CIE). Automotive Gas Oil (AGO) was blended with the PKO-methyl esters in the ratios 1:9; 2:8; 3:7; . . .; 9:1. The various blends were thereafter fired in a CIE. Besides, 100% AGO and 100% PKO-methyl esters were also burnt in the CIE. Results showed that as the concentration of the PKO biodiesel increased in the blends, carbon monoxide (CO) emissions reduced. There was about 35% significant reduction in the lethal CO emissions as the concentration of methyl esters increased in the blends at 99.9% confidence (p 0.001). At 90% confidence, there were no significant changes in NOx emissions as a result of change in blend ratios (p > 0.01). There exists a degree of association between NOx and gas temperature in agreement with Zeldovich mechanism.
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    Modelling of synthesis of waste cooking oil methyl esters by artificial neural network and response surface methodology
    (International Journal of Ambient Energy, 2018-01) Soji-Adekunle, Ayowumi R.; Asere, Abraham A.; Ishola, Niyi B.; Oloko- Oba, Idris M.; Betiku, Eriola
    This present study was carried out to investigate the application of artificial neural network (ANN) and response surface methodology (RSM) as modelling tools for predicting the waste cooking oil methyl esters (WCOME) yield obtained from alkali-catalysed methanolysis of waste cooking oil (WCO). The impact of process parameters involved was studied by a central composite rotatable design. A comparison of the two developed models for the methanolysis process was carried out based on pertinent statistical parameters. The calculated values of coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9950 and the average absolute deviation (AAD) of 0.4930 for the ANN model compared with R2 of 0.9843 and AAD of 0.9376 for the RSM model demonstrated that the ANN model was more accurate than the RSM model. The actual maximum WCOME yield of 94 wt% was obtained at a reaction temperature of 55°C, a catalyst amount of 1 w/v, a reaction time of 70 min and a methanol-to-oil ratio of 6:1.