Comparative Effects of Garlic, Yogurt, Beniseed Liquor and Fresh Orange Juice on Induced Type-1 Diabetes Mellitus in Rabbits using Streptozotocin
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Date
2019-10-21
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Journal of Food & Nutritional Disorders
Abstract
Streptozotocin (STZ) was used to induce type-1 diabetes mellitus
in animal models (twenty-one rabbits) at 60 mg/kg birth weight
with two weekly booster doses to cause chronic diabetes in New
Zealand White rabbits. They were given single intravenous dose
of STZ in 1mL citrate buffer having a pH 4.6 and the booster dose
given after 7 days and 14 days respectively. The blood glucose
level was monitored along with the clinical signs including changes
in behavior and weight loss. Treatment commenced immediately
after the third booster when the rise in blood sugar was observed (4
hours later). They were treated with glucovance (a drug), fresh garlic
extract, yogurt, beniseed liquor and orange juice for a period of 12
weeks (3 months) with the effect of the treatments checked on the
glucose level of their blood, full blood count analysis using Mindray
BC3300 auto-hematology analyzer and histopathology analysis of
their pancreas. The results showed that the glucose level of the
rabbits was within 70.02 ± 1.0 mg/dl at p ≤ 0.05 before they were
induced. The level rose to 187.33 ± 0.9 mg/dl after the 3rd booster
dose of streptozotocin was given to the rabbits. Gross morphology of
selected organs showed that the inducement caused discoloration
of the kidneys, oedema of the pancreas and significant increase in
weight of the heart at p ≤ 0.05. There were no significant differences
at p ≤ 0.05 between Packed Cell Volume (PCV) of the control
group and the group induced and treated with diabetes drug; while
there were significant differences in the fibrinogen values for the
experimental groups. The induced type 1 diabetes mellitus caused
an increase in the basophils, monocytes, and neutrophils while
it caused significant decrease in the percentage of lymphocytes.
Histopathologically, the inducement caused poor formation of the
islet of Langerhans cells and dot necrotized cells. There is profuse
hemorrhage from highly vascularized pancreatic acini surrounded
by parenchyma fat cells. The group induced and treated with garlic
extract showed some good features that not only depict a good and
fast recovery from diabetes but showed some other health benefits
of garlic. They are presence of well-formed pancreatic acini and cell
infiltrations with well-spaced interstitial cells of the pancreas that
shows active cell division of the pancreatic ducts and acini. There
is splay and intrafaradization of the cracked pancreatic ducts. The
presence of artifacts is seen at the anterior portion of the plate with well-formed interlobular and intralobular ducts. The effect of garlic
extract as a good antidiabetic agent has been well established in
this research. The curative strength of other foods such as yogurt
and fruit extract has been proven in the findings of this research.
Therefore, garlic has the most outstanding positive effect on
diabetes and is recommended for people who are diabetic to feed
on it or use it as food supplement.
Description
Staff Publication
Keywords
Type-1 diabetes;, Streptozotocin;, Garlic extract;, Yogurt;, Orange juice;, Beniseed liquor