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15 YEARS AFTER: EVALUATING THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE AMNESTY PROGRAMME ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NIGER DELTA REGION
(College of Humanities and Social Sciences, JABU, 2024-06) Braimah, Fredrick I.; Edo, Zephaniah O.; Okechukwu, Mowete G.
Up to 90% of Nigeria's export revenue comes from its huge crude oil deposits, which are the reason the Niger Delta is so well-known worldwide. Despite producing a larger proportion of Nigeria's riches, the Niger Delta region is still largely undeveloped. This has led to youth restiveness and other nefarious actions in the region. The Amnesty deal was thus carried out by Late President Umaru Musa Yar'Adua to address these problems by pardoning the militants from the Niger Delta in October 2009 and ensuring the stability of Nigeria oil economy. How effective the policy has been in addressing the problem of the region is the focus of this paper. Using a qualitative historical design method and anchored on the Peace-building theory, the study's conclusion indicates that, while the amnesty deal was indeed a welcome idea, it is fraught with some anomalies that has reduced its effectiveness in addressing restiveness in the region. Among other things, it recommends that a focus on the environment which was rarely the focus of the amnesty deal will not only address the root cause of the problem but will also reduce tension in the region. Keywords: Amnesty, Militants, Militancy, Niger Delta, Oil, Deprivation
1976 Universal Primary Education and Schooling Attainment in Nigeria
(SSRN, 2015-11-02) Adeolu, Adewole M.; Fadayomi, Fadayomi O.
This study examines causal impact of 1976 Universal Primary Education (UPE) on individual schooling attainment in the Nigeria. This study exploits the quasi-natural experiment offered by the large-scale government investment in Universal Primary Education between 1976 and 1981 to confront the identification problems associated with this kind of study. Results from the Differences-in-Differences technique established that the UPE programme had positive and statistically significant impact on schooling attainment of beneficiaries. After controlling for all a large number of variables in the DID framework, exposure to UPE programme increases schooling attainment by 0.15 year. A formal test does not suggest that omitted variables might be influencing schooling outcomes.
3-D Seismic Interpretation and Volumetric Estimation of “Osaja Field” Niger Delta, Nigeria
(International Letters of Natural Sciences, 2016) Lawson-Jack, Osaki; Iheanyichukwu, Opara A.; Njoku, Okereke C.; Petters, Adiela U.; Onyema, Njoku I.; Terhemba, Emberga T.; Ndidiamaka, Eluwa
3-D seismic interpretation and petrophysical analysis of the Osaja Field, Niger Delta, was carried out with aim of carrying out a detailed structural interpretation, reservoir characterization and volumetric estimation of the field. Four wells were correlated across the field to delineate the lithology and establish the continuity of reservoir sand as well as the general stratigraphy of the area. The petrophysical analysis carried out, revealed two sand units that are hydrocarbon bearing reservoirs (Sand_A and Sand_B).The spatial variation of the reservoirs were studied on a field wide scale using seismic interpretation. Time and depth structural maps generated were used to establish the structural architecture/geometry of the prospect area of the field. The depth structure map revealed NE-SW trending anticlinal structures with F5 and F6 as faults assisted closures to the reservoir. Furthermore, reservoir parameters such as net pay, water saturation porosity, net-to-gross etc, were derived from the integration of seismic and well log data. The structural interpretation on the 3-D seismic data of the study area revealed a total of seven faults ranging from synthetic to antithetic faults. The petrophysical analysis gave the porosity values of the reservoir Sand_A ranging from 18.1 - 20.3% and reservoir Sand_B ranging from 13.1-14.9% across the reservoir. The permeability values of reservoir Sand_A ranging from 63-540md and reservoir Sand_B ranging from 18-80md hence there is decrease in porosity and permeability of the field with depth.The net-to-gross varies from 22.1% to 22.4% in Rerservoir Sand A to between 5.34- 12% for Rerservoir Sand _A while Sw values for the reservoirs ranges from 38-42% in well 2 to about 68.79-96.06% in well 11. The result of original oil in place for all the wells calculated revealed that well 2 has the highest value with 9.3mmbls. These results indicate that the reservoirs under consideration have a poor to fair hydrocarbon (oil) prospect.
35 Transient Multiexponential Data Selection Using Cramer Rao Lower Bound
(ASME Press, 2012) Jibia, Abdussamad U.; Salami, Momoh-Jimoh E.
Previously, analysis of transient multiexponential data using a combination of Gardner transform and parametric methods was shown to yield good results. However, one problem that remains unsolved is that of the nonstationarity of the data resulting from the associated deconvolution. Hitherto, trial and error methods have been used to select the qualitative length of the deconvolved data. In this paper, Cramer Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) is used to select the data truncation points for use with the MUSIC (Multiple Signal Classification), minimum norm and ARMA (autoregressive moving average) methods. Several simulations are made based on which truncation points are recommended for each of the three parametric methods.
3D Geomechanical reservoir model for Appraisal and Development of Emi-003 field In Niger Delta, Nigeria
(Ajast, 2018-12) Lawson-Jack, Osaki; Uko, Etim D.; Opara, Alex
In this paper, geomechanical parameters were effectively integrated in 3-D geostatic model of Emi-003 reservoir in the Niger Delta basin, Nigeria for deformability and rock strength appraisal using well logs and 3D seismic volume. Unconsolidated sandstone and compacted shale were delineated and evaluated by determined elastic moduli (Poisson ratio, Young modulus, Bulk modulus, Shear modulus and Compressibility) and the Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) using sonic logs and petrophysical analysis, correlations and cross plots for comparison of the evaluated reservoir strength, physical properties (such as modulus, porosity, velocity) of the five mapped zones from five vertical wells in the studied reservoir for validation were done. Finally, incorporation of elastic properties, unconfined compressive strength in 3D static model of the studied reservoir was carried out to capture strong lateral variance of rock elastic moduli and strength into areas where well control may not exist. especially off the well points. The results show average parameters of the weakly cemented sand to have lower Poisson ratio, Young, Bulk, Shear modulus and Unconfined compressive strength (0.27, 2.3GPa, 10.8GPa, 6.91GPa, 14.21MPa respectively,) high compressibility and porosity (0.13 GPa-1, 0.26) conversely the compacted shale have higher Poisson ratio, Young, Bulk, Shear modulus and rock strength as (0.36, 8.91GPa, 18.05GPa, 21.09GPa, 56.44MPa respectively) lower compressibility and porosity (0.05 GPa-1, 0.05 respectively). There is a marked increase of rock strength and elastic moduli with relative decrease in porosity. The mechanical failure in the NNW direction of the reservoir will be relatively lower than other areas as analyse using the 3D earth model. The information gathered will help manage reservoir stress and strain induced during development and maximize reservoir performance, while mitigating risk.
A Cancelable Biometric Based Security Protocol for Online Banking System
(International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security, 2020-06) Tom, Joshua J.; Alese, Boniface K.; Thompson, Aderonke F.
The internet revolution has brought significant benefits to humanity. Undeniably, most businesses in both the public and private sectors now provide their services online through the internet. One of the businesses that have embraced the use of the internet to provide services to their customers is the banking sector. Banks obtain competitive advantage and increased productivity through the adoption of online banking. Bank customers enjoy online banking as it provides them with anytime, anywhere banking experience. Away from the benefits is the issue of security of customer transaction data and customer privacy. Many authors have proposed various solutions to address the online banking security problem but while some focus solely on client authentication, others dwell only on security of the data transfer channels. In this paper, we propose a cancellable biometric based authentication protocol which guarantees secure mutual authentication, customer privacy and offer a secure end-to-end transmission of customer transaction data. The protocol in this paper is designed using Biohashing, a biometric template protection technique and dual cryptographic algorithm that combines Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and Data Encryption Standard algorithms. With these, we realized strong authentication and secure transaction information exchange protocol for online banking
A case analysis on the adequacy of work-life balance practices in UK small-and medium-sized enterprises
(Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Krakowie, 2017) Akanji, Babatunde
The purpose of this study is to examine whether work-life balance (WLB) practices are satisfactorily provided in UK small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and the impact of the availability of these work-life policies on turnover intentions. A review of extant literature reveals scarce knowledge in this area of research and this study presents a rudimentary effort to fill this gap.Research Design & Methods: Using qualitative design, the data set comprised of in-depth interviews with thirty-six employees working in small and medium-sized UK convenience stores and supermarkets with less than ninety employees.Findings: Informal nature of human resource management policies emerged from the findings as one of the constraining forces impeding work-life agendas in SMEs and causing low staff retention in UK. Although other themes were found to contribute to retention challenges, however, these additional reasons were not independent, but all considered integrated.Implications & Recommendations: Consequently, the practical implication of devising ways to overcome WLB and retention deficiencies in this context were also explored.Contribution & Value Added: The originality of this work lies in studying the importance of WLB practices to some of these grass root businesses that make up a large proportion of the economy in the UK. As the limitation of this study is that it is wholly qualitative in nature, it is suggested that future research should rely on quantitative designs that provides more internally valid tests via computational techniques.
A case study on occupational stressors and effective stress management interventions from a call center perspective
(International Journal of Research Studies in Management, 2016-10) Akanji, Babatunde Oluwatoyin
This case study explores the realities of work stress in the Nigerian call center context and employees’ views on how effective stress management practices can improve workplace well-being. A total of 30 participants (20 call center agents and 10 team managers) employed in two different call centers took part in the study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted about the impact of call center working conditions on employee well-being while thematic content analysis was used to analyze the data. The findings unveiled various interpretations of how participants perceived call center stressors and the various coping strategies used in managing job stress. Furthermore, recommendations were made for call center organizations within this context to implement organizational-levelled stress management practices rather making employees indulge in individual coping abilities. Thus, the implication of study is to create a scholarly awareness on how occupational stress is perceived and interventions conceptualized in service jobs within a non-Western context where literature is rare.
A communal catalogue reveals Earth’s multiscale microbial diversity
(Nature Publishing Group, 2017-11-01) Osuolale, Olayinka; Thompson, Luke; The Earth Microbiome Project Consortium; Knight, Rob; Gilbert, Jack; Jansson, Janet; Ackermann, Gail; Kosciolek, Tomasz; Gibbons, Sean
Our growing awareness of the microbial world’s importance and diversity contrasts starkly with our limited understanding of its fundamental structure. Despite recent advances in DNA sequencing, a lack of standardized protocols and common analytical frameworks impedes comparisons among studies, hindering the development of global inferences about microbial life on Earth. Here we present a meta-analysis of microbial community samples collected by hundreds of researchers for the Earth Microbiome Project. Coordinated protocols and new analytical methods, particularly the use of exact sequences instead of clustered operational taxonomic units, enable bacterial and archaeal ribosomal RNA gene sequences to be followed across multiple studies and allow us to explore patterns of diversity at an unprecedented scale. The result is both a reference database giving global context to DNA sequence data and a framework for incorporating data from future studies, fostering increasingly complete characterization of Earth’s microbial diversity
A comparative analysis of depression between pregnant and non-pregnant adolescents in a southwestern town in Nigeria
(2022-04-02) Mosanya, Julianah T.; Adegbite, Temilade A.; Adebayo, Kazeem O.; Egbewale, Bolaji E.; Ijadunola, Kayode T.
Background Adolescence constitutes a risk factor for mental health problems, and this may be further complicated by pregnancy. The rate of adolescent pregnancy is still extremely high in the sub-Saharan Africa including Nigeria. Pregnancy and mental health problems during adolescence constitute double vulnerability for negative outcomes for the adolescents and their offspring. Methodology The study was cross-sectional in design and it compared prevalence of depression and associated factors among pregnant and non-pregnant adolescents. It was conducted in Osogbo metropolis, Osun State, Southwest, Nigeria. The study population comprised pregnant adolescents (aged 15-19 years) attending antenatal care (ANC) in selected formal and informal health facilities. Non-pregnant adolescents who were equally attending services at the facilities were recruited as the control group. Information was obtained from the adolescents with the use of a structured questionnaire and data was analysed with IBM-SPSS version 21 software. Results Three hundred and thirty-four respondents (167 per group) were involved in the study; the pregnant adolescents had a mean age (±SD) of 17.92 (±1.13) years while the non-pregnant adolescents had a mean age of 17.70 (±1.23) years. The prevalence of depression among the pregnant adolescents was 8.4% while that of the non-pregnant adolescents was 3.0%. The result showed a statistically significant association between pregnancy status and depression among the adolescents (p= 0.033). Living arrangement was the only socio-demographic variable that had significant relationship with depression among the pregnant adolescents while living arrangement and employment status had significant relationships with depression among the non-pregnant adolescents. History of mental illness, childhood sexual abuse and anxiety symptoms showed significant relationship with depression among pregnant adolescents, however, only anxiety symptoms showed significant relationship with depression among non-pregnant adolescents. Conclusion The study concluded that the prevalence of depression is significantly higher among pregnant adolescents with similarities and differences in the factors associated with depression in the two groups.
A Comparative Performance and Emission Analysis of Blended Groundnut Oil and Mineral Oil Based Lubricants Using a Spark Ignition Engine
(The CIGR E journal Manuscript, 2008-09) Ejilah, I. R; Asere, A. A.
This paper presents the performance and emission behaviour of a spark ignition engine run on groundnut oil blended lubricants. However, for the purpose of comparism, benchmark tests were carried out on multigrade and monograde motor oils. A 5.0 h.p engine test-bed incorporated with an A.C dynamometer and flue gas analyzer was used to conduct the tests. At maximum engine speed, the groundnut oil blended lubricants generated an exhaust temperature of 6.02% higher than multigrade oil, and 6.26% higher than monograde oil. The brake power was 12.70% and 10.94% higher than the monograde and multigrade oils. In terms of fuel economy, the monograde and groundnut oil blended lubricants are 7.50% and 2.18% higher than multigrade oil respectively. It is shown that as the proportion of viscosity modifier in the oil sample increases, exhaust temperature, brake power, brake mean effective pressure (b.m.ep) also increases, while the specific fuel consumption diminishes. At various speeds, CO2 level emitted by the use of groundnut oil blended lubricants was observed to be higher than it was the case for multigrade and monograde oils. In the light of the fast depleting fossil fuel reserve in Nigeria, this work has demonstrated the feasibility of using groundnut oil blends as lubricant substitutes in spark ignition engines.
A Comparative Performance and Emission Analysis of Blended Groundnut Oil and Mineral Oil Based Lubricants Using a Spark Ignition Engine.
(Agricultural Engineering International: The CIGR E journal Manuscript EE 07017., 2008-09) Ejilah, I. R; Asere, A. A.
This paper presents the performance and emission behaviour of a spark ignition engine run on groundnut oil blended lubricants. However, for the purpose of comparism, benchmark tests were carried out on multigrade and monograde motor oils. A 5.0 h.p engine test-bed incorporated with an A.C dynamometer and flue gas analyzer was used to conduct the tests. At maximum engine speed, the groundnut oil blended lubricants generated an exhaust temperature of 6.02% higher than multigrade oil, and 6.26% higher than monograde oil. The brake power was 12.70% and 10.94% higher than the monograde and multigrade oils. In terms of fuel economy, the monograde and groundnut oil blended lubricants are 7.50% and 2.18% higher than multigrade oil respectively. It is shown that as the proportion of viscosity modifier in the oil sample increases, exhaust temperature, brake power, brake mean effective pressure (b.m.e.p) also increases, while the specific fuel consumption diminishes. At various speeds, CO2 level emitted by the use of groundnut oil blended lubricants was observed to be higher than it was the case for multigrade and monograde oils. In the light of the fast depleting fossil fuel reserve in Nigeria, this work has demonstrated the feasibility of using groundnut oil blends as lubricant substitutes in spark ignition engines.
A Comparative Study of Biosurfactant Synthesis by Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Clinical and Environmental Samples
(Taylor & Francis Group, 2012-02-15) Agwu, O. A.; Ilori, Matthew O.; Adebusoye, S. A.; Amund, Olukayode O.
Evaluation of emulsifying activities indicates that biosurfactants were produced by an environmental (strain EP1) and a clinical (strain CP1) species of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. During growth on hydrocarbons, the organisms produced biosurfactants. Both strains grew luxuriantly on motor oil and readily synthesized abundant surfactants at the expense of easily metabolizable substrates. During a 12-day cultivation on motor oil, the organisms produced growth-associated extracellular surfactants with emulsification activities of 71 and 38% for EP1 and CP1, respectively. The generation times obtained for EP1 and CP1 were 1.74 and 2.66 days. The biosurfactants that could not be secreted on glucose were partially purified and putatively identified as rhamnolipids. The surface-active compounds present high emulsification activity and stability in the pH range of 3.0–10.0, temperature range of 4°C–100°C, and salinity range of 16–44% and are capable of stabilizing oil-in-water emulsions with several hydrocarbons. Typical emulsions produced were stable for several weeks. The results also showed that the biosurfactants were able to remove a significant amount of crude oil from contaminated soil; for instance, strain EP1 surfactant removed 54%, CP1 41%, detergent 42%, and water 30%. The rhamnolipids from these strains represent a new class of biosurfactants that have potential for use in a variety of biotechnological and industrial applications where extremes of pH, thermal, and saline conditions would have little or no effect on activity.
A comparative study of serum ferritin and other acute phase reactants (APR) in minor and major surgery
(Academic Journals, 2009-12-31) Asaolu, M. F.; Oyeyemi, A. O.; Fakunle, Julius B.
This study was carried out on serum ferritin, acute phase reactants (APR), iron (Fe) and total iron binding capacity (TIBC) in healthy women in Ado Ekiti, Nigeria and in female patients undergoing suture (minor operation) and ceaserean operations at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria between February and March, 2009. The results revealed post-operative serum ferritin and APR concentrations to be significantly higher (p> 0.01) while iron and TIBC were significantly lower in patients undergoing caesarean operation compared to both patients with minor operation and healthy women. The pre-operative results of serum ferritin were however significantly lower in patient undergoing major operation than in patients with minor operation. The present study was carried out to examine the changes in serum ferritin and other acute phase reactants in response to the magnitude of tissue damage. It can be concluded that the concentrations of serum ferritin and acute phase reactant increases as the magnitude of tissue damages increases. There is an acute phase response of serum ferritin levels following major surgery.
A Comparative Study of Users’ Experiences with Microsoft Windows Vista and Windows XP: A Case Study of University of Ibadan
(Libraries at University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2013-02-26) Esse, Ugwunwa C.
Through the past two decades, Human Computer Interactions emerged as a focal area of computer science research and development. Human Computer Interaction is about designing computer systems that support people so that they can carry out their activities productively and safely. And this has a role in playing in the design and development of all kinds of system. Although advances in technology tend to drive advances in field, technology needs to be usable as well as functional. According to Terry Winogard (1990)” Except for special things like computer games, people don’t use computer because they want to use computer, they use computer because they want to write papers, they want to communicate with people, and they want to design bridges and so on. Whatever they are doing, the computer is an enabling device that can help them to do it”. Designing interactive computer systems to be effective, efficient, easy and enjoyable to use is important, so that people and society may realize the benefit of computation-based devices.
A Conceptual and Descriptive Approach to Capital Market Progression in a Developing Country: The Nigerian Perspective
(Journal of Academic Research in Economics, 2022-03) Ogbeide, S.; Adedipe, O.; Obadeyi, J.; Osawaru, F.
This study undertook a conceptual and descriptive approach to capital market progression in Nigeria, beginning from 1985 to 2019 using number of listed securities (a proxy for market accessibility), market capitalization (a proxy for market size), All Share Index (a proxy of market efficiency) and market depth (a proxy of ratio of market capitalization to gross domestic product (GDP) in the reference period. The period analyzed was segmented into a five year period for effective descriptive reporting purposes. Findings from the study showed that the Nigerian capital market has progressed steadily in terms of market size, efficiency and depth but was retrogressive in terms of the number of listed firms in the reference period. From the analysis, the study recommends that capital market operators and regulators should do more in the areas of listing more securities by reducing the obstacle for listing, efficiency and especially the depth of the market (increase trading in the floor) for it to effectively and efficiently provide move fund from surplus sector to deficit sector.
A Configuration of Socio-Political Dialectics in Nigerian Pidgin English: Trends in Peter Onwudijo’s Poetry
(International Journal of Humanities and Cultural Studies (IJHCS) ISSN 2356-5926, 2016-03-29) Ayodabo, Sunday J.
Peter Onwundijo’s poetry collection, De Wahala for Wazobia (2007), comments on the contemporary Nigeria’s pitiable social problems. The poet employs Nigerian Pidgin English, not only as a dialectal tool to examine the issue of Nigeria’s amalgamation, but also as a lingua franca, which aptly describes the polity of multilingual Nigeria. It addresses the myriad hydra-headed issues like corruption, educational decay, election malpractices, neocolonialism, and insecurity among other forms of vices plaguing the nation which continue to militate against her development. The poems were analysed using sociolinguistics and semiotic theories as frameworks. The result of the analyses showed that the poet’s ability to effectively use the Nigerian Pidgin English to address such important issues does not make the language inferior when compared to the other established languages of the world. Rather, it should be seen as a language (second) that reflects creativity, productivity, simplicity, acceptability and understanding among the Nigerians. Indeed, it makes for a wider understanding of the poet’s major concern, as the pidgin, in Nigeria, is often being described as “the language of the people” The study appraised the collection as an attempt at demystifying the Nigerian Pidgin English as well as evaluating its relevance for modern Nigerian poetry in its quest to radicalize the political and economic situation in Nigeria.
A Context-Adaptive Ranking Model for Effective Information Retrieval System
(International Journal of Information Science, 2018) Agbele, Kehinde K.; Ayetiran, Eniafe; Babalola, Olusola
Abstract When using Information Retrieval (IR) systems, users often present search queries made of ad-hoc keywords. It is then up to information retrieval systems (IRS) to obtain a precise representation of user’s information need, and the context of the information. Context-aware ranking techniques have been constantly used over the past years to improve user interaction in their search activities for improved relevance of retrieved documents. Though, there have been major advances in context-adaptive systems, there is still a lack of technique that models and implements context-adaptive application. The paper addresses this problem using DROPT technique. The DROPT technique ranks individual user information needs according to relevance weights. Our proposed predictive document ranking model is computed as measures of individual user search in their domain of knowledge. The context of a query determines retrieved information relevance. Thus, relevant context aspects should be incorporated in a way that supports the knowledge domain representing users’ interests. We demonstrate the ranking task using metric measures and ANOVA, and argue that it can help an IRS adapted to a user's interaction behaviour, using context to improve the IR effectiveness.
A Critical Analysis of the Role of Courts in Determining Breach of Duty of Care in the Law of Torts
(2021-05) Udemezue, Sylvester; Ojeih, Chukwunye Augusta
To succeed in an action for negligence under the law of torts, a plaintiff must prove that the Defendant owed to the plaintiff a duty of care, that the Defendant had violated that duty of care, and that the plaintiff suffered some injury as a result of the breach of duty of care. Accordingly, before going into the question as to whether a breach of the duty has occurred, it is necessary to first resolve the issue as to existence or otherwise of a duty of care and the degree of such duty as well as standard of care. It is only after this that an examination into the actions of the defendant and as to whether a breach has occurred, would become necessary. This paper undertakes a critical look into involvement and attitude of the court over the years in resolving the question of breach of duty of care under the Law of Torts. Beginning with a cursory look at duty of care and the neighbor principle as enunciated in Donoghue v. Stevenson as well as the factors that determine existence or otherwise of duty, the paper proceeds for purposes of proving breach of duty, to determine the expected standard of care, the reasonable man’s test and the doctrine of Res Ipsa Loquitur. Then follows a consideration of what prevailing attitude of courts of law to (classes of defendants in cases relating to) breach of duty of care is, and a conclusion that acknowledges the continuing nature of discussions on breach of duty of care, especially in view of the wide and flexible nature of the subject and the fact it is more often than not, affected by numerous, sometimes unanticipated and unanticipatable circumstances.
A CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF LEGAL FRAMEWORK ON DEREGULATION OF THE DOWNSTREAM SECTOR OF THE NIGERIAN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY
(International Journal of Management (IJM), 2020-06) OLUJOBI, Olusola Joshua; OLUJOBI, Oluwatosin Michael; UFUA, Daniel E.
The study seeks to explore the need for total deregulation of the downstream sector of the Nigerian petroleum industry to address inefficiencies in the sector to promote adequate supply of petroleum products through regulatory reforms and by making reference to the experiences of other relatively advanced jurisdictions to strengthen Nigeria’s downstream petroleum sector’s laws. The work adopts a conceptual approach relying on extant literature with the application of the doctrinal legal research method. The study also makes use of primary and secondary sources of laws such as statutory and judicial authorities. The key finding is the overbearing presence of the Federal Government in the sector and inappropriate pricing of petroleum products which have made the sector unattractive to private investors due to excessive regulation of the sector. The research proposed a model to end incessant hike in the price of fuel. The research ends with suggestions based on the findings the need for sophisticated mixture of regulations and non-regulatory incentives for investments in the sector and advocates speedy passage of the Petroleum Industry Governance Bill to encourage private investors and to eliminate subsidy regime being a source of corruption in the sector.