Humanities

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Yoruba Culture & its Influence on the Development of Modern Popular Music in Nigeria
(The University of Sheffield, 2010-12) Adedeji, Adewale
This thesis focuses on the contributions of the Yorùbá culture to the development of modern Nigerian popular music. It traces the origin, conception and growth of popular music styles in Nigeria and highlights the underlying Yorùbá cultural cum linguistic influence that nurtured their growth within the urban space of Lagos city. It examines how contemporary Nigerian popular music practitioners appropriate the Yorùbá culture in negotiating their musical and national identities and counteract popular music homogenization through the creation of hybrid musical styles and cultures. The work adopts a multi-dimensional research approach that involves cultural, musicological, historical, anthropological and socio-linguistical tools. Adopting the participant-observer method with Lagos as the primary fieldwork site, additional data were sourced along with interviews of key informants through bibliographic and discographic methods. The study reveals the importance of Lagos as a major factor that contributed to the development of Nigeria‘s popular music practice as exemplified in genres like jùjú, fújì and afrobeat, and discovers that the Yorùbá language has gradually become the dominant medium through which artists express their musical identity as typified by current mainstream hip hop music. Extending earlier work by scholars such as Barber, Waterman and Euba and recent works in hip hop linguistics by Alim and Omoniyi, the thesis contributes to the growing body of research within popular music through the discipline of ethnomusicology, especially in the emerging area of academic inquiry into indigenous African hip hop culture.
NEGOTIATING GLOBALIZATION THROUGH HYBRIDIZATION: HIP HOP AND THE CREATION OF CROSS-OVER CULTURE IN NIGERIAN POPULAR MUSIC
(4th European Conference on African Studies (ECAS 4), 2011-06-18) Adedeji, Wale
The process of globalization has been of a tremendous impact on African societies while the status-quo of expressive cultures have obviously not remained the same due to this factor with popular music gradually becoming homogenized to fit into the Euro-American stereotypes. It is quite evident that the Nigerian popular music has been greatly influenced by the dictates and progression in the international scene due to global communication and cultural flows as exemplified by the popularity and proliferation of hip hop culture among the youths from the 1990s. Also a critical look at language use in music reveals that ‗English is the language of popular music, arguably a form of linguistic globalization‘ (Shuker 2005:127) while the glorification and promotion of foreign music styles especially hip hop and its cultural expressions is almost making the local music practices less fashionable. This paper explores the Nigerian popular music practice through the current mainstream hip hop and identifies how its practitioners have successfully formulated a sub-genre dubbed ‗Afro hip hop‘ through hybridization whereby African identity is portrayed and maintained by asserting linguistic independence with the use of Nigerian languages as medium of delivery through code-switching. This is also followed by appropriating indigenous popular music style like fújì to create a fusion that appeals to home-grown sensibilities while still subscribing to the global hip hop community. This paper reveals the effectiveness of ‗Afro hip hop‘ as hybrid music and how it was used as a strategy of resistance towards popular music homogenization brought about by globalization.
OBA KUSAMOTU OYEWOLE AND THE FORMATION OF ISLAMIC SOCIETIES IN IKIRUN
(Islam and Society in the State of OsunChapter: 19Publisher: Mega Press, 2012) Akinjobi, Tosin
The Roles of Sheikhs and Imams in the Promotion of Islam in Edeland
(2012) Akinjobi, Tosin
This chapter specifically examines the Imamate question in Ede since the inception of Islam in the town. Although it is evident that Ile Imole has produced an overwhelming number of Chief Imams for Edeland, other Muslim compounds with autochthonous claim to the Imamate have also emerged as Chief Imams as evidenced in the appointment of Chief Imams from Talafia, Akaje, Jagun Alaro and Lakonu compounds. This chapter is thus divided into two sections. The first section examines the contributions of Ile Imole to the leadership of the Muslim community in Ede while the second section examines the contributions of other autochthonous Muslim families to the growth of Islam in Ede
The Status of Gender Media Coverage of Sports In Nigeria: A Case Study Of Print Media
(IISTE : Research on Humanities and Social Sciences, 2013) Ajibua, M. A; Oladitan, I. O; Oyerinde, O. O; Bewaji, O. B
The aim of this study was to establish the status of print media coverage of male and female athletes in Nigeria. The study monitored the frequency of occurrence of print media reporting on male and female athletes. Articles and photographs of athletes in print media within the period of a year were analyzed. The results of the study confirmed that male athletes were more frequently reported in National Daily Newspapers in Nigeria than female athletes. This gives more visibility to male athletes than female athletes.
A Strategic Content Analysis of Media Reporting on Sports in Nigeria: A Case Study of National Newspapers.
(IISTE : Journal of Education and Practice, 2013) Ajibua, M.A; Oladitan, I.O; Adesina, O.T; Bewaji, O.B
Sport and media has a long history of interconnectedness. This union has resulted to a marriage laced with tremendous benefits for both media and sport. As a result of their commercialization, sport and media has continued to grow globally. Inspite of the contributions of the symbiotic relationship between media and sport in Nigeria to national economy, the mutuality has not received attention from researchers. Thus, the study is out to ascertain the status of newspaper reporting on sport in Nigeria with a view of using it to drive national sport development. The study used six (6) national newspapers in Nigeria spread across the 12 months of 2012 (January-December). The content analysis of the frequency of news items and photographs on education, business, health politics and sports were carried out. The total of 17,676 news and photographs were collated. The results showed that sport received more patronage from newspapers outlets in Nigeria that any sector of the national economy.
PERCEIVED MOTIVATIONAL FACTORS INFLUENCING LEISURE-TIME PHYSICAL ACTIVITY INVOLVEMENT OF TEACHING AND NON-TEACHING STAFF IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN ONDO STATE, NIGERIA\
(International Journal of Asian Social Science, 2013) Ajibua, M.A; Olorunsola, H.K; Bewaji, O.B
The benefits of involvement in leisure-time physical activity have attracted individuals, groups and governments to it. There is compelling evidence that an active and fit way of life has many important health benefits and that sedentary habits are associated with increased risks of numerous chronic diseases and decreases longevity. The aim of this study was to identify motivational factors influencing leisure-time physical activity involvement among staff of tertiary institutions in Ondo State. For the purpose of the study, 200 teaching and 200 teaching staff were selected for the purpose of achieving equal representation of the staff population from Government-owned tertiary institutions in the state using convenience sampling technique. The result of the study indicated that the major factors influencing involvement in leisure-time physical activity among the staff are personal motivation/interest and peer group influence. It thus suggested that the motivational factors for involvement in leisure-time physical activities among various social groups therefore need to be understood by leisure managers and coaches as this will assist them to fashion out programmes that will meet the needs and aspiration of the people.
The dynamics of the Language of newspaper headlines in Nigeria
(International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature, 2013-09-01) Ayodabo, Sunday J.
This paper has looked at the dynamics of the structures of headlines. Related literature was reviewed on functions and influence of the print media, mass media and language development, and studies in headlines, to give the work the necessary theoretical foundation. The study employed survey approach to look at reportage of headlines of some newspapers in Nigeria. Three questions guided this study: What are the types of headlines cast for the stories? What is the syntactic structure of the headlines? What is the level of social responsibility displayed by the editors, in casting the headlines? A total of 24 headlines were purposively collected as data, and analyzed. The analysis has revealed that ‘plain’, ‘headlines with pointers’, and ‘speech as headlines’ characterized our data. Also, most of the headlines are cast in simple sentence structures. This result is significant for mass media teachers as they apply principles and theories of language, in their business of teaching mass media courses, daily.
African Popular Culture and the Path of Consciousness: Hip Hop and the Culture of Resistance in Nigeria
(Postcolonial Text, 2013-11) Adedeji, Wale
Having witnessed increasing popularity and boost in Africa from the 1990s, hip-hop is rapidly becoming a dominant culture among the youths as a vehicle of local social critique and global inter-connectivity in the public sphere. While incorporating elements from their own local cultures to appeal to home-grown sensibilities, hip-hop musicians have found a platform for getting their messages and ideas across to local audiences through music. However, in recent times hip-hop has been an object of constant criticism for veering off its path of consciousness with its projection of affluence, materialism (‘blings’), over-sexualisation, and misogynist(ic) messages by its artists. This paper argues that despite a lot of negative criticism trailing hip hop worldwide, Africa still remains a fertile ground where the genre is being deployed by youths as a vital tool of resistance and a powerful voice for socio-political and economic change. Using the Nigerian hip-hop scene and the critical analysis of the music of Sound Sultan, 2Face Idibia and Eedris Abdulkareem, I demonstrate the ways in which popular hip-hop music has now assumed huge cultural force for youths in urban Nigeria. I argue that the hip hop generation in Nigeria still believes in using the genre to effect a change in a country riddled with corruption and abuse of public office, thereby choosing the path of consciousness over commercialisation and large-scale hedonism amongst youth.
Communicative Strategies in Contemporary Nigerian Drama: A Stylistic Analysis of Ahmed Yerima’s The Lottery Ticket
(Scholars Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences, 2014) Emike, Acheoah John; Ayodabo, Sunday Joseph
The study is a stylistic analysis of Ahmed Yerima‟s The Lottery Ticket. Like other contemporary Nigerian dramatists, Yerima is engaged in the quest for suitable forms with which the Nigerian experience can be transmitted through drama. We examine the stylistic features in the Play. We mainly hinge on the Communicative Model of stylistic theory for the analysis of four data selected via defined parameters. The analysis reveals that the Play is characterized by authorial use of diverse stylistic and rhetorical devices: cohesive devices, point of view, pidgin and figurative language. Thus, the structure of the play is functional. We rely on the Projection Principle to extend the stylistic features of the play to contemporary Nigerian drama
Negotiating Globalization through Hybridization: Hip Hop, Language Use and the Creation of Cross-Over Culture in Nigerian Popular Music.
(Language in India, 2014-06-01) Adedeji, Adewale
The process of globalization has been of a tremendous impact on African societies while the status-quo of expressive cultures have obviously not remained the same due to this factor with popular music gradually becoming homogenized to fit into the western stereotypes. The Nigerian popular music has been greatly influenced by the dictates and progression in the international scene due to global communication and cultural flows as exemplified by the popularity and proliferation of hip hop culture among the youths from the 1990s. It is quite evident that English is more or less the official language of popular music while the glorification and promotion of foreign music styles especially hip hop and its cultural expressions is almost making the local music practices less fashionable. This paper explores the Nigerian popular music practice through the current mainstream hip hop and identifies how its practitioners have successfully formulated a sub-genre dubbed 'Afro hip hop' through hybridization whereby African identity is portrayed and maintained by asserting linguistic independence with the use of Nigerian languages as medium of delivery through codeswitching. This is also followed by appropriating indigenous popular music style especially fújì and highlife to create a fusion that appeals to home-grown sensibilities while still subscribing to the global hip hop community. This paper reveals the effectiveness of 'Afro hip hop' as hybrid music and how it is being used as a strategy of resistance towards seemingly popular music homogenization brought about by globalization.
PERFORMING ARTS AND ECONOMIC SELF RELIANCE IN NIGERIA: THE ELIZADE UNIVERSITY EXPERIENCE
(WARIMA INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE, 2014-11-26) Adedeji, Wale; Akinsipe, Felix; Afe, Adegoke
The fundamental concern of the Arts disciplines (Humanities) is with man and his complex nature, cognizantly his multifaceted relationships with the world around him and beyond. It is in this context that each Arts discipline tries to investigate and explain those aspects of man’s nature that particularly concern or challenge him. In a more specific context, the study and practise of Performing Arts is saddled with the expressions of these realities offering opportunities to display cultures and traditions while “mirroring” the society. In recent times there has been a sudden rise in interest and attention given to the creative and cultural industries especially with the popularity of Nigerian popular music and video film across Africa and beyond. Further to this, a lot of young minds have been inspired to seek university education in this area in order to develop their artistic instinct and build their creative capacity towards economic self-reliance. This paper highlight the objectives of the Elizade University Performing and Film Arts degree programme as it experiments with the concept of ‘total theatre’ incorporating drama, music, dance and film. Furthermore, the idea to deviate from the traditional nomenclature of ‘theatre arts’ by incorporating ‘film studies’ into the programme is being stressed here to portend the ability to produce thorough bred professional in the field that would eventually be ‘job givers’ and not ‘job seekers’ The paper also traces the origin of the Nigerian film industry now called ‘Nollywood’ and asserts that in the nearest future the Elizade Performing and film arts graduate will be ready to fill the capacity requirements of Nollywood, and be part of the generation to take the industry to the next level. It is hoped that this paper will generate more interest in emphasising economic sustainability through university education using the Elizade Performing and Film arts degree programme as an impetus.
Women Police in the Nigerian Security Sector
(Women Police in the Nigerian Security Sector, 2015) Akinjobi-Babatunde, Tosin
This article details the history and philosophy behind major changes in police tradition and organisation in Nigeria in 1955. Women in the Nigeria Police Force (NPF), influenced by their background as enforcers of societal norms, developed a type of social-workoriented policing. Using primary and secondary sources of historical information, this article discusses the origin of women in the NPF, the specialised role of women in police work, and the changes that have been effected in the roles and functions of women in policing in Nigeria. Situated within the conceptual frameworks of patriarchy and gender, this article argues that gender biases impeded the incorporation of women into the police and, when eventually introduced, gender limitations constrained their roles, operations and activities.
AN ASSESSMENT OF NIGERIA’S INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT
(Scientific Research Journal (SCIRJ), 2015-01) Adefisoye, Taiwo O.
In a bid to ensuring a virile emergency management practice, which would conform to global best practices, the Federal Government of Nigeria, through the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA), in 2010, came up with the National Disaster Management Framework (NDMF). The framework was designed among other reasons, to provide jurisdictional responsibilities, promote efficiency and build institutional capacity among the various stakeholders in the area of disaster management. However, since its introduction, the framework is yet to make significant progress in ensuring the provision of effective and efficient institutional capacity especially at the State and Local government levels. Using secondary data, this paper identified some of the reasons for such inadequacy. It argues that the framework lacks full backing of the law to punish non-compliance and non- conformity with its provisions. Also, it identifies poor funding and lack of awareness as other problems affecting the framework. The study concludes that the vision of Nigeria to become one of the top twenty nations of the world in no distant time, would be a mirage if relevant stakeholders do not wake up to their responsibilities and rise to the occasion to ensure the realization of a viable, dynamic, efficient and effective disaster management system. Also, the study advocates the imperative of mainstreaming disaster management education into the curriculum of secondary schools, as well as proper funding as viable strategies of overcoming these challenges.
Ritual as Theatre: An Analysis of Oduduwa Festival in Ikoro-Ekiti
(Language in India, 2015-08) Macaulay, Abiodun J.
Oduduwa festival is one of the festivals mostly cherished among the Yoruba people right from the onset. As an unforgettable hero in Yoruba history Oduduwa, after his death was deified and worshipped by the people with cult following. This paper specifically focuses on the Oduduwa festival celebration in Ikoro-Ekiti, a Yoruba town in the south west region of Nigeria. The research examines the history, origin and the mode of worship of Oduduwa deity while isolating the ritual performances and theatricalities in the festival celebration. The paper concludes that while ritual acts and ceremonies are fading away in most African communities , festival like the Oduduwa should be encouraged and supported because of its significant socio- cultural contributions to the Ikoro-Ekiti community.
Representing Africa in Contemporary Nigerian Hip Hop: A Video Analysis of Ruggedman's “Ruggedy Baba”
(Modern Research Studies, 2015-12) Adedeji, Wale
Since MTV pioneered the art of music video broadcast in 1981, music video has gradually become one of the most important outlets for music promotion and an indispensable marketing strategy for an artiste. In recent times music video has almost assumed a life of its own and somehow larger than the music itself with a lot of investment in energy and finance being put into it by artists, labels and management. Africa on the other hand is catching on with this trend as there is an overt visibility of MTV Africa and other satellite television stations like Channel - O, Soundcity, Nigezie and Trace solely dedicated to promoting music videos. This paper examines the concept of music video in the Nigerian popular music context while extracting its functionality in the contemporary Nigerian hip hop genre. Against the backdrop of the ‘Ruggedy Baba’ video this research isolates the primary function of a video to music and argues that through visual representation of music, identities can be formulated as presented in ‘Ruggedy Baba’ where traditional Africa is prominently represented in a music genre deeply rooted in urban street culture.
Exploration of Proverb as a Crucial Device in Tunde Kelani’s Saworoide
(An unpublished essay downloaded, 2016) Ayodabo, Sunday J.
This treatise explores Tunde Kelani’s movie Saworide (1999), with a view to examining the functions of proverbs in movie production. A textual analysis of some selected proverbs in the movie was carried out to demonstrate the implications of this phenomenon in an attempt by the producer to project the themes of political legitimacy, accountability and institutional checks on corruption in a changing socio-political structure. The study highlighted the importance of proverbs in films, and showcased how proverbs serve as a crucial device of story-telling in the re-creation of a genuine and believable Nigerian democratic story. The study revealed that proverbs in the movie serve as material resources in generating the plot development, criticizing actors’ actions, depicting, transmitting and preserving the Yoruba culture, and projecting the moral and thematic purposes of the movie
Traditionalism as a source of Change: Ola Rotimi’s Kurunmi as an epitome
(The Belogradchik Journal for Local History, Cultural Heritage and Folk Studies Volume, 2016) Ayodabo, Sunday J.
Ola Rotimi’s Kurunmi has generally been classified as a tragedy, historical play, postcolonial text, satire etc. Such general classifications have limited the analyses of the play to thematic thoughts such as cultural clash, postcolonial disillusionment, and its understanding as an emblem of the Greek dramatic tradition. For this reason, this paper examines the issue of traditionalism in the play centering on the faithfulness of the writer in utilizing actual historical materials and personalities of the 19th century Yoruba war between Ijaye and Ibadan armies (in Nigeria) and its implication on the general sensibility of the society. The paper examines the role of the major character of the play, Kurunmi, as a traditionalist and how his display of epic heroism helps produce resounding themes of socio-cultural relevance. It argues that a conscious reading of the personalities, attributes, and egos of Kurunmi as a traditionalist would make the reader have the privilege of having a real sense of the complex nature of Kurunmi’s character rather than seeing him as a prototype of a Greek tragic hero.
The Nigerian Music Industry: Challenges, Prospects and Possibilities
(IJRRSSH, 2016) Adedeji, Adewale
This paper explores the status of the Nigerian music industry through the paradigm of its music promotion, marketing, and distributing structure. Using ethnographic and bibliographic sources, the study traces the history of the Nigerian recording industry which nose-dived from the late 1980s with the exit of major label operations like Sony, Polygrams and EMI due to political and economic factors and recognised the impetus given the music scene through the resilience and creativity of the new hip hop generation who now have to contend with myriads of challenges among which is piracy and copyrights issues. While highlighting some of these challenges, the paper presents an array of possibilities as well as recommendations and concludes that with proper structuring and intervention, the Nigerian music industry can be a major player within the global music scene, and be a viable revenue earner for the country aside from crude oil.
THE ROLE OF TRADITIONAL RULERS IN CURBING ELECTORAL VIOLENCE IN NIGERIA
(Department of Public Administration, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria, 2016-03) Edosa, Enaruna; Braimah, Fredrick I.
The Nigerian state since independence has been bedeviled by electoral violence. The use of security forces and advocacy in the media by government and its agencies, and other measures have so far failed in stemming electoral violence in the country. This study therefore attempts to situate the role of traditional rulers in curbing electoral violence in the country. Using the structural functionalism theoretical framework and relying on personal observation as a primary source of data as well as secondary sources of data, the study found out that the major causes of electoral violence in the country are a consequence of the failure of contemporary security measures, media advocacy and also lack of mentoring of its citizens by relevant institutions and government's present methods. The study recommends that giving traditional rulers and their institutions this role of mentoring their subjects on the dangers of electoral violence, and also establishing an 'indirect homeland security system' will assist in curbing electoral violence in the counhy. It also recommends that traditional rulers should withdraw and refuse honours to people who indulge in electoral violence as well as call to order perpetrators and sponsors of electoral violence.

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