Social and Management Sciences

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These are the scholarly outputs of the Faculty of Social and Management Sciences

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Rural migration and rural development: an exploratory study of return migrants in selected rural communities of Nigeria
(Journal of Rural Economics and Development, 1978) Fadayomi, Theophilus O.
An analysis of return migration to rural areas in Nigeria is presented. Data are from a survey of 1,150 households in two villages of the Ishan Division of Bendel State. The characteristics of migrants and nonmigrants are compared, and reasons for return migration are considered. (ANNOTATION)
The Demand for Pre-School Care: An Aspect of the Problems of the Nigerian Working Mother
(Sage Publications, 1979-01) Fadayomi, Theophilus O.
One of the changes brought about by the increasing employment of women outside the home is the demand for both custodial and developmental care for their pre-school age children 1. The demand situation for extra-maternal child care in Nigeria seems to be aggravated by the gradual erosion of the traditional resources for extramaternal childcare such as the community of friends and relations, hired nursemaids and servants, and the inadequate provision of extrafamilial institutions such as nurseries and daycare centres. Rather than quantify the demand for extramaternal care for children, this study assesses the childcare arrangements of working mothers and inquires into the existing resources for meeting this demand both within and outside the household. It is concluded that demand for extramaternal childcare of both custodial and developmental nature is not fulfilled by existing resources. Therefore, it is being suggested that an inventory of existing pre-school institutions such as nurseries and daycare centres, programmes for the improvement and expansion of these facilities would facilitate the participation of women in the labour force and their effective contribution to social and economic development.
The demographic factor in the provision of health facilities in developing countries: the case of Nigeria
(Elsevier, 1984-01-01) Fadayomi, Theophilus O.; Oyeneye, O. Y.
Current emphasis on preventive health measures in developing countries such as Nigeria is not often reflected in actual performance of health programmes. It is still common to find that a major proportion of the health budget is expended on the construction of modern hospitals in a few privileged areas such as the major towns and urban centres. This strategy of medical care delivery continues in spite of the demographic situation which makes it virtually impossible for any developing nation to aim at providing adequate hospital-based care for its growing and basically rural population. Therefore, it is being suggested that the existing practice of medical care planning which places an undue emphasis on hospital based care is too expensive and will have to give way to less expensive and comprehensive strategies involving community participation such as health education, nutritional improvement programmes and more reliance on local medical resources.
Social mobilisation: tool for effective grassroots communication for national transformation
(Africa Media Review, 1990)
The thesis of this paper is that meaningful and lasting development can only be based on the mobilisation of our people for effective transformation of the developmental process. However, the continuing search by Nigeria since independence for more dynamic, efficient and relevant strategies of'achieving real development does imply frustration with past attempts as well as our inability to maximally and positively exploit these resources for the upliftment and well-being of the Nigerian people. This has resulted in the marginalisation of the vast majority of the people in the transformation process, particularly because of the low level of their education and, therefore, low consciousness which not only made them vulnerable to fraudulent manipulations by politicians, but has created among them a culture of helplessness, apathy and indifference about the happenings in the political and economic process.
Migrations and development policies in Nigeria.
(Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa [CODESRIA], 1992) Fadayomi, Theophilus O.; Titilola, S. O.; Oni, B.; Fapohunda, O. J.
The authors of this book chapter conclude that increased urbanization in Nigeria is a product of natural growth and migration. Rural-to-rural migration dominated during the colonial period. Independence was marked by rural-urban urban-urban and return migration streams. The authors posit that the problems of inadequate supplies of housing and clean water in urban centers led to overcrowding and the resulting urban social and health hazards. Urban in-migration was the cause of urban growth. The rural population structure was related to the availability of labor and food production. Rural development depended upon the availability of a resourceful willing and capable young population and reduced out-migration. Urban migrants increased the demand for educational services and strained existing resources. Rapid social changes have led to homelessness and changes in marriage and the family. Nigeria has a variety of climates and geography and abundant natural resources including oil. About 50% of the population is comprised of ethnic groups i.e. Hausa in the north Ibo in the southeast and the Yuroba in the west. During colonial periods large scale migration movements were fueled by social conflicts. Colonial practices increased the demand for labor in colonial agriculture and mining industries forced taxation on the adult population and produced a wage earning labor force. Traditional forms of social organization based on kinship and political or tribal rights were substituted with the European mode of social organization. The colonial regime created new urban centers and a population shift to developing areas in the north …
Migrations et urbanisation au sud du Sahara: quels impacts sur les politiques de population et de développement?
(KARTHALA Editions, 1993) Touré, Moriba; Fadayomi, Theophilus O.
La première phase du" Programme Population, Migrations, Urbanisation et Développement" du CODESRIA a été intitulée: Population et développement en Afrique". Les travaux effectués dans ce cadre ont été rassemblés dans un livre édité par Edi Jemaï coordonnateur du projet. Le livre publié dans la présente" Série des livres du CODESRIA", aborde le développement économique et social à partir de problèmes démographiques précis. Ainsi, a-t-il été articulé autour de trois thèmes principaux à savoir: celui des migrations internes et internationales en relation avec le phénomène de colonisation des terres en Côte d'Ivoire, au Ghana, au Burkina Faso, au Nigéria et au Sénégal; celui des interactions de la croissance démographique et de la croissance économique en Afrique, et le dernier thème consacré à la mortalité en rapport avec le développement économique. Le présent ouvrage est le produit de la deuxième phase du programme du CODESRIA sus-mentionné, à travers le projet intitulé: Politique de population, migrations, urbanisation et crise des zones rurales en Afrique au Sud du Sahara. En effet, dans le cadre de ce projet, au départ, douze équipes pluridisciplinaires de chercheurs africains ont été constituées pour travailler entre octobre 1986 et juillet 1989 dans onze pays: Burundi, Centre Afrique, Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Lesotho, Mali, Nigéria, Sénégal, Sierra Léone, Tanzanie et Zambie.
Technological dependence in Africa: its nature, causes, consequences and policy derivatives
(Technovation, 1996) Fabayo, J.A.
Technology is critical to development because it is a resource which endows economic growth with much of its capacity for satisfying human wants. Whether the need is for more food, better education, improved housing, health care, transportation and telecommunication, increased industrial output, etc., modern technology plays a decisive role, particularly as it enhances the efficiency of resource utilization, spurs the creation and expansion of resources (e.g. physical capital) and diminishes the importance of natural factor endowment in economic progress. It is this developmental role of technology that makes its acquisition or the capability for generating it important and underscores the need for its importation in Africa, given the continent's inability to source it locally. It is, however, the contention of this study that African countries' reliance on technology imports has not only inhibited local technological development efforts in the continent, but has also contributed, in a rather cumulative manner, to the distorted development or underdevelopment of the African economy. Unless concerted efforts are made to build up a strong indigenous scientific and modern technological development capability that can guarantee some degree of self-reliance in technological matters, any hope for a rapid and internally stimulated development of the African economy will remain as a mere illusion.
The information superhighway and traditional communication: where we stand
(INSTITUTE FOR COMMUNICATION DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH, 1996) Adamolekun, Wole
Advances in communication technology, bring with them new characteristics which often expand the horizons for information exchange among people. The evolving information superhighway is promising to break the physical barriers to the free flow of information. This has serious implications for developing countries. As many parts of the world adopt the new technologies of the information superhighway African countries should be cautious and not too readily abandon their traditional communication methods, which are not necessarily anti-thetical to the Internet. As exciting as the new technologies are, they do not always portend positive developments.
Students Participation in School Farming Activities (SFAS) in Ikorodu Area of Lagos State, Nigeria
(Lagos Journal of Child And Ypouth Development, 2003-10) Agbelemoge, A.; Salami-Ottun, T. O.; Okhiria, Adebimpe O.
Agricultural self-reliance can be achieved through revitalizing the desire of youths for farming and regenerating the interest of the adolescent in farm work. The study was conducted to determine the level of participation of secondary school students in farming activities. One hundred Senior Secondary Students were sampled and the data analyzed with descriptive statistics. Sixty (60%) percent rated themselves as having enough knowledge and mastery of the subject matter to succeed in Agricultural profession. Consequently sixty-three (63%) percent were motivated to offer the course by their teachers while others were influenced by their parents, friends and farmers around. Nevertheless, sixty-two (62%) percent have their own farms at home only twenty-eight (28%) percent were interested in taking up farming as a career. Agricultural Science teachers were urged to show more dedication to the practical agriculture to motivate students and develop their interest in agricultural profession as a career.
Assessing the sensory qualities and acceptability of commonly consumed indigenous dishes for Tourism Development in Lagos and Ogun Sate, Nigeria
(College of Agriculture, OOU, 2004-09-24) Okhiria, Adebimpe O.
The study investigated the sensory qualities of some commonly consumed indigenous dishes in southwest region of Nigeria. Sensory attributes (appearance, texture, taste, aroma and overall acceptability) were the quality attributes assessed and the correlation analysis of the contribution of the mean scores of the attributes to overall acceptability of the dishes were determined. The result shows the ranges of mean score of attributes with appearance (3.42 to 7.22), texture (3.44 to 7.12), taste (3.36 to 7.53), aroma (3.09 to 6.61) and overall acceptability (3.51 to 7.39). Also, the results of the correlation analysis shows that most of the attributes of the dishes are positively related to the acceptability of the dishes (p<0.01). The result (p = 0.258) (r = 0.062) showed that the dish of ewuro elegusi was rated the highest among all the sensory attributes while amuriki was rated lowest. The study showed that vegetables play an important role in the sensory qualities of indigenous dishes and most of the dishes were acceptable to the visiting tourists in the study area.
The system approach to the marketing of tourism and hospitality services in some selected hotels and resorts in Ondo State, Nigeria
(College of Agriculture, OOU, 2004-09-24) Okhiria, Adebimpe O.
The study was aimed at assessing the methods and the strategies adopted by four popularly patronized hotels and one tourist resorts in Akure, Ondo State. In marketing and the possible effects on customers' services. A descriptive survey research method was used to elicit the data utilized. Data were obtained from the hotel employees randomly selected from the four hotels and one resort centre. Twenty six (26) respondents were thus obtained from each of the studied organization, thereby giving this study a total of 130 respondents. The results indicated that 3.85% supervisors, 1.54% managers and 7.70% management staff had marketing skill which were acquired not through professional training. 69.02% personnel had poor communication ability. A confirmation of low value placed on staff training 0.7.69% by many of the hotels proprietors under study thereby resulting in low rating on staff marketing proficiency. The research confirmed that application of modern marketing strategy can enhance the marketing of tourism services. Problems of low level marketing orientation, inability of the hotels management to adopt the concept of marketing skills, low value placed on staff training were identified as factors inhibiting marketing proficiency on staff performance.
The system approach to the marketing of tourism and hospitality services in some selected hotels and resorts in Ondo State, Nigeria
(2004-09-24) Okhiria, Adebimpe O.
The study was aimed at assessing the methods and the strategies adopted by four popularly patronized hotels and one tourist resorts in Akure, Ondo State. In marketing and the possible effects on customers' services. A descriptive survey research method was used to elicit the data utilized. Data were obtained from the hotel employees randomly selected from the four hotels and one resort centre. Twenty six (26) respondents were thus obtained from each of the studied organization, thereby giving this study a total of 130 respondents. The results indicated that 3.85% supervisors, 1.54% managers and 7.70% management staff had marketing skill which were acquired not through professional training. 69.02% personnel had poor communication ability. A confirmation of low value placed on staff training 0.7.69% by many of the hotels proprietors under study thereby resulting in low rating on staff marketing proficiency. The research confirmed that application of modern marketing strategy can enhance the marketing of tourism services. Problems of low level marketing orientation, inability of the hotels management to adopt the concept of marketing skills, low value placed on staff training were identified as factors inhibiting marketing proficiency on staff performance.
The Nutritional Status and Health Conditions of Older Adults_ A Case Study of Odoraboyejo Community, Ijebu-Igbo, Nigeria
(Journal of Agricultural Management, and rural Development, 2005) Olubanjo, O. O.; Okhiria, Adebimpe O.; Aina, O. M.
This study analysed the nutritional status and health conditions of the older adults making Odoraboyejo Community, ljebu-Igbo, Nigeria a case study. A sample of seventy-five (75) respondents, at least 60years of age was drawn using the systematic random sampling procedure. Data were collected on demographic and socio-economic characteristics, food and feeding habits, dietary patterns, health conditions and physical defects of the respondents. Empirical results revealed that older adults of the female sex predominate (about 63percent) in the study area. Also, most of the older adults were widowed (49percent), above 70years (37percent), and on self-employment (49percent). Three-quarters of the respondents used pit latrines while 16percent used nearby bush for defeacation. Twenty-four (24) percent had access to well water as the only water source. About 55percent had chewing problems with only 24percent on medication. Also, about 27percent were dependants — on their offspring and close relations with an additional 12percent revealing no source of upkeep. Nonetheless, 36percent of them were into alcohols. Anthropometric indices further confirmed the incidence of a severe under-nutrition among the respondents with eye and conjuctival dysfunction, dental caries and body pains being the most reported ailments within the community. Appropriate programmes should be instituted within the Ijebu North Local Government Area to address the malnutrition and other afore-listed medical problems of the older adults in the study area.
Inflation: How Much is Too Much for Economic Growth in Nigeria
(Indian Economic Review, 2006) FABAYO, JOSEPH ADEMOLA; AJILORE, OLUBANJO TAIWO
This study follows the methodology of Khan and Sendhadji (2001) to examine the existence of threshold effects in the inflation-growth relationship, using Nigeria data for the period 1970 to 2003. The results suggest the existence of inflation threshold level of 6 percent. Below this level, there exists significantly positive relationship between inflation and economic growth, while above this threshold level, inflation retards growth performance. Sensitivity analyses conducted confirmed the robustness of these results. This finding suggests that bringing inflation down to single digits should be the goal of macroeconomic.
Multi-Dimensional Health Communication: A Tool for Improved Environmental Sanitation
(Journal of Health Communication, 2007) Rim-Rukeh, A.; Ogbiten, Brickins O.
Environmental sanitation is the promotion of hygiene and the prevention of diseases and other consequences of health relating to environmental factors (WHO 1997). Environmental sanitation includes issues such as disposal of human excreta, urban solid waste management, domestic water supply, drainage systems, sewage and wastewater management, personal hygiene. household and community cleanliness, food hygiene, disease vectors and pest control. Adequate and effective environmental sanitation practices are the foundation of national development. Inadequate and improper sanitation and poor solid waste management remains two of the main transmitters of diseases in the world's developing countries (Adelegan 2001). Deficiencies in environmental sanitation practices have contributed significantly to the continuing high rate of infant and child mortality from diarrhea and related diseases as well as vector-borne diseases. The economic costs of inadequate environmental sanitation can be enormous due to disablement of ill people that cannot perform their tasks. Several studies carried out in Nigeria, India, and Egypt indicated the presence of health problems amongst solid waste pickers, and those living in close proximity to dump sites (Sridhar 2006; Ekugo 1998; Oyemade et al. 1999). There is a direct link between poor urban solid waste management and public health especially in terms of water related diseases such as diarrhea, dysentery, cholera and typhoid (EHP 1999 and WHO 1998).
The Prevalence of Protein Energy Malnutrition in Nigeria and Dietary Management _a Revised Study
(Nigerian Association for Hospitality, Tourism and Home Management, 2007-04) Okhiria, Adebimpe O.
Protein energy malnutrition describes the spectrum of nutrition disorder, which occurs in children under five years when the diet is poor in protein and energy, faulty weaning practices, poverty, poor sanitary conditions, minimal medical attention and endemic childhood infections Studies in Nigeria revealed that protein energy malnutrition is one of the major nutrition problems causing death in children under five years. This reviews highlight (a) prevalence, causes and mortality rate attributed to protein energy malnutrition, (b) breast feeding and weaning patterns(c) hematological parameter of PEM children (d) Dietary management of PEM children, towards rehabilitation less than five years of age. The Nigeria demographic and health survey (NDHS 1990) revealed that 43.% under five children age are stunted, 35. 7% are under weight, 9.1% are suffering from wasting. A more recent study by UNICF (1993) in ten states of the federation reported the proportion of stunted children to be 37.6% and wasting to be 10.9%.
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA: THE ROLE OE ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE EDUCATION
(2007-05) Rim-Rukeh, A.; Ikhifa, Grace O.; Ogbiten, Brickins O.
Abstract in the past few decades, Nigeria has been confronted with a number of unsustainable depletion of natural resources resulting lo; i mountain of environmental problems that has the potential of eroding earth's web of fife (air, water and soil) and can also promote poverty. Efforts by government in promoting sustainable development have not yielded the expected results. The paper concludes that the incorporation of environmental science education into our educational curriculum whereby environmental issues are incorporated into the learning process of each generation will help to achieve the objectives of sustainable development-Keyword: Environmental science education, sustainable development, environmental degradation, awareness, unsustainable practices.
Newspaper Readership in Port Harcourt
(International Journal of Communication: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Communication Studies, 2007-05-02) Ogbiten, Brickins O.
This study among other things looked at how variables like sex, educational qualification and income influence newspaper readership. It also sought general information on newspaper readership in Port Harcourt. Two major hypotheses were tested. These are that majority of the people in Port Harcourt will read at least one newspaper daily and that majority of the people in Port Harcourt prefer to read a newspaper from their state of origin to a national newspaper. Three minor hypotheses were also tested. The survey research method was employed and the questionnaire was used as instrument to elicit information from respondents. Simple percentages were used to analyse data collected. The first major hypothesis was supported by findings of the study, while the second major hypothesis was not supported. The three minor hypotheses were all supported. The study recommended more comprehensive studies on newspaper readership in Port Harcourt and other parts of the country.
Credit Acceptability and Food Security of Farming Households in Nigeria Ayetoro, Yawa North Local Government Area, South_West, NIgeria
(Nigerian Association for Hospitality, Tourism and Home Management, 2007-06) Awotide, D. O.; Okhiria, Adebimpe O.
study examined the socio-economics characteristics of farming families (particularly access to credit) Thouseholds' perception of food security. To achieve this, a cross sectional survey of 90 randomly lected farming families was conducted. Descriptive and econometric analyses (binary logistic ression model) were carried out. Results showed that farming households' education, farming perience of the farmers, household size, farming household perception of the food security condition were significantly related to access to credit or credit usage. In addition, we deduced from the responses that food security is attached to quantitative compromises in food selection and consumption Policy measures aimed at increasing the farming households' access will go a long way in making the farming families much more food secured in the study area.
Okhiria Adebimpe O, Akanji A. M. (2007). Assessment of the Comploiance of some selected fast food companies to safety and hygenic standard in Nigeria_Case Study of Metropolis, Abeokuta and Ijebu_Ode
(ICHTM, 2007-06) Okhiria, Adebimpe O.; Akanji, A. M.
The frequent occurrence of food poisoning in the public food units and at household levels remains a problems to be totally solved in Nigeria. The study has highlighted the knowledge and compliance of Fast Food Companies in the southwest geopolitical Zones of Nigeria with established safety and hygiene standard. These are Lagos metropolis, Abeokuta and Ijebu-Ode in Ogun State. They are categorized into Zones A,B,C,E, for easy study. The respondents were assessed and studied in the areas of food hygiene, equipment and untencil hygiene, personal hygiene, food safety and food and Nutrition education. 350 structured questionnaires were distributed to respondents, data collected were analysed.

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